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The Vicious Cycle

The Vicious Cycle. What Causes CVD in Diabetes?. Atherosclerosis Hypertension AND Microangiopathy Neuropathy Damage to blood vessel walls More severe consequences. Coronary Heart Disease: Heart Attack.

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The Vicious Cycle

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  1. The Vicious Cycle

  2. What Causes CVDin Diabetes? • Atherosclerosis • Hypertension AND • Microangiopathy • Neuropathy • Damage to blood vessel walls • More severe consequences International Diabetes Federation

  3. Coronary Heart Disease:Heart Attack • People with diabetes have the same risk of heart attack as people without diabetes who have already suffered a heart attack International Diabetes Federation

  4. Coronary Heart Disease:Heart Attack • More difficulty with emergency treatments • ‘Silent’ heart attack People with diabetes can have a heart attack without even knowing it International Diabetes Federation

  5. Coronary Heart Disease • Angina ‘Silent’ ischaemia • Sudden death 50-300% more frequent • Heart failure Two to three-fold greater risk • Fainting attack International Diabetes Federation

  6. Cerebrovascular Disease • Stroke Twice as common in people with diabetes and hypertension as in those with hypertension alone • Mini-stroke (transient ischaemic attack) Two-six times more frequent • Dementia International Diabetes Federation

  7. Peripheral Vascular Disease • Gangrene 70-fold increased risk over the age of 70 • Calf pain (intermittent claudication) Three to nine times more frequent • Foot ulcers International Diabetes Federation

  8. A Worse Prognosis • The prognosis of a CVD event is worse for people with diabetes • CVD is the leading cause of death in people with diabetes in developed countries International Diabetes Federation

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