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The Rise of Empires

The Rise of Empires. We will visit the Mayans, Aztec, and Incan Empires Vocabulary: civilization, surplus, specialize, pyramid, empire, tribute, and slavery Places: Valley of Mexico, Tenochtitlan, and Cuzco. The Mayan People. The year 400, they reach their peak of civilization!

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The Rise of Empires

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  1. The Rise of Empires • We will visit the Mayans, Aztec, and Incan Empires • Vocabulary: civilization, surplus, specialize, pyramid, empire, tribute, and slavery • Places: Valley of Mexico, Tenochtitlan, and Cuzco

  2. The Mayan People • The year 400, they reach their peak of civilization! • A culture with its learning, religion, and government all organized • Farmers who cut down thick forests to make open fields • Growing corn and other crops

  3. Daily Life • So successful at farming they had a surplus of materials. • Surplus of food allowd for trade, jobs became specialized to community need. • Skills developed: basket weaving, jewelry making, and stone cutting

  4. Creations • Mayans studied the world around them and developed new ideas • Detailed calendar developed • Skilled Mathematicians: first to use the number zero

  5. Buildings and Work • What is a pyramid? • At the top the Mayans placed temples for religious ceremonies • Their Kings were buried here. • Do you think that you would want to be a personal servant to the King?

  6. Accomplishments! • Recording their history, so we can better know what their lives were like • Basic development of math and science learning. • Written language • We cannot read all of their writings, but the writing does give us a look into their life

  7. Into the present day • Mayan civilization begins to decline. • By the year 900, they have left their cities • The forest grow back and begins to cover the Mayan tracks • Mayan descendants live in Mexico and Central America

  8. Fact Check • The Mayan struggled to have enough food for everyone. (T/F) • What are some areas of Mayan specializations? (List 2-3 examples) • What are some of the Mayan accomplishments? • There are no descendants of the Mayans. (T/F)

  9. Where to Next?

  10. The Aztecs • Migrated south, following the instructions from a god. • Could stop when they saw: an eagle with a snake in its beak sitting on a cactus • They stopped in the Valley of Mexico

  11. The City • Tenochtitlan (te noch tee TLAHN) or “near the cactus” – the symbols • Great city full of Causeways (uhh?) • Linked the land to the lake • 300,000 people living here • That’s a bunch of people

  12. Floating Gardens • To have more land to farm, Aztecs created “floating gardens” • Developed irrigations system by carving terraces, or wide, flattened steps, into hillsides

  13. Food and city… now what? • After Tenochtitlan, armies were sent out to conquer others and build an empire • Once conquered, these people were forced to pay the Aztecs tribute • Sending gold, silver, and precious stones to the empire each year

  14. People as a tribute? • Aztec would take people as tribute • What could they be used for? • These “tributes” were not just given, some were taken during a war

  15. Huitza- what? • Huitzilopochtli (we tsee loh POHCH tlee) god of war • Aztec worshiped many gods • Huitzilopochtli was offered blood as a scarfice • Often the slaves and prisoners were used

  16. Fact Check • The Aztecs always offered their gods flowers as a sacrifice. (T/F) • Describe two ways the Aztecs created more land for farming. • The legend of the Aztec migration led to the images on the Mexican flag. (T/F) • How did the Aztecs gain their empire?

  17. Let us not forget the Inca • The Inca created their empire through conquering others • Built roads that linked parts of the empire to the capital • Cuzco: present day Peru

  18. Traveling the Roads • Government messengers could travel to empire’s outskirts at a rate of 140 miles a day • Take a snack for that trip • This was the fastest communication system anywhere at that time

  19. Timeline 3000 years ago: Mayan civilization began to develop Year 900: Mayan civilization declines and they leave their cities Year 1200: Aztec civilizations begins in Mexico and Incan civilization begins in South America

  20. Fact Check The Incan empire asked their neighbors to join their empire. (T/F) The Incan message system never left the empire. (T/F) How was the Incan empire united? Give me two things that the Aztec and Incan empires had in common.

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