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Lecture for 23 June: Second Coming/Parousia

Explore the Greek definitions of parousia (several comings) and erchomai (to come), along with the Aramaic phrase maranatha (Lord, come). Discover the prophecies in the Old Testament and their confirmation by Jesus and the New Testament writers. Delve into the eschatological judgments associated with the Parousia, including the Judgment Seat of Christ, the Judgment of Israel and the Nations, the Judgment of Fallen Angels, and the Great White Throne Judgment.

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Lecture for 23 June: Second Coming/Parousia

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  1. Lecture for 23 June: Second Coming/Parousia • Greek parousia best defined as several comings, or stages of a continuous process surrounding the Second Coming of Jesus Christ (Zodhiates, 1123-4) • Greek erchomai defined as “to come” /erchomenon = coming/arrival • In Aramaic, maranatha = “Lord, come” (translated by the Church as, “Come! Lord Jesus”)

  2. The 2nd Coming/Parousia of Jesus Christ occurs at the end of the Tribulation (Battle of Armageddon) per Rev 19 and in fulfillment of the Perfect/Complete Gospel of Both Comings of Jesus Christ (Phil 1:6)

  3. Parousiaprophesied by OT writers • Gen 49:8-12 • Pss 2; 24; 83; 96:13; 97; 98:8; 110 • Isa 9:7; 61:2b-11; 66:15-24 • Dan 2:34-35, 44-45; 7:13-4 • Mic 5:4-15 • Zech 14:3-21 • Mal 4:1-5

  4. Confirmed by: • Jesus Himself in Matt 24, Mark 13, Luke 17 and 21, and John 14; • His actions in Luke 19:28-44 (triumphal entry into Jerusalem); • and the 2 angels at Jesus’ Ascension (Acts 1:10-11)

  5. Incorporated into Complete/Perfect Gospel by NT writers: • Acts 2:14-47; 3:13-26; 7:1-53; 13:32-47; 15:1-21; 28:23-27; Rom 2:1-16; 4 – 5; 8:1-30; 9 – 11; 13:11-14; 14:8-12; 15:8-13; • 1 Cor10:1-11; 11:23-36; 15; • 2 Cor 12:1-4; • Gal 3:1 – 4:7; • Eph 1:11 – 2:7; 3:4-13; 5:27; 6:10-20; • Phil 1:3-6, 10; • Col 1 • 1 Thess 1:10; 2:19-20; 3:13; 4:13 – 5:24; • 2 Thess 1:5 – 2:14;

  6. Incorporated into Complete/Perfect Gospel by NT writers: • (continued) • 1 Tim 4:1-5; • 2 Tim 1:8-12; 2:8-13; 3:1-9; 4:1-8; • Titus 2:11-14; 3:5-7; • Heb 9:12-28; 10:37 – 12:2, 26-7; • Jas 5:3, 7-9; • 1 Pet 1:3-12; 2:4-10; 4:1-7; • 2 Pet 1:11, 16, 19; 3; • Jude 14-23; • 1 John 2:14 – 3:3; • Revelation • See Paul R. Rabe’s “Eagerly Awaiting for the Blessed Hope,” 1999

  7. Then, carried throughout Church History as the Perfect/Complete Gospel (Strong foundation laid by Early Church Fathers’ premillennial eschatological perspective till early 5th century & Origen/Augustine)

  8. Eschatological Judgments associated w/Parousia addressed by Matt 25; Rom 14:10-12; 1 Cor 3:9-15; 2 Cor 5:10 Jude 6; Rev 20 (Judgment Seat of Christ, Israel, Nations, Fallen Angels, Great White Throne) • Judgment Seat of Christ (Rom 14:10-12; 1 Cor 3:9-15; 2 Cor 5:10 – after Rapture of the Church/before Second Coming in Heaven)

  9. Eschatological Judgments . . . (continued ) • Judgment of Israel (Matt 25:1-30 – after Second Coming in Jerusalem) • Judgment of Nations/Gentiles (Matt 25:31-46/Sheep and Goats – immediately after Judgment of Israel) • Judgment of Fallen Angels (Jude 6 – In conjunction with Satan after Millennium and before Great White Throne Judgment/Rev 20) • Great White Throne Judgment (Rev 20:11-15 – final judgment of unbelieving dead/before time is no more/New Heaven and New Earth

  10. For next time: • Read Geisler, pp. 1421-1426; Hebert, Sections 1.2.5, 1.3.3, 1.3.3.3 ; • Study for devotion: • Pss 45:1-7; 68; 89; • Isa 60:1-3, 15-22; 65:17-25; 66:22-23; • Joel 3:17-21; • Zeph 3:8-20; • Zech 14; • Rev 20

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