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What are Elements?

What are Elements?. 7-5.2 Classify matter as element, compound, or mixture on the basis or its composition. Engage: The Chemical Elements Song (1:24). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K8eT-k4f7_8. Elements. Definition: Pure substance made of one kind of atom

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What are Elements?

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  1. What are Elements? • 7-5.2 Classify matter as element, compound, or mixture on the basis or its composition.

  2. Engage: The Chemical Elements Song (1:24) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K8eT-k4f7_8

  3. Elements • Definition: Pure substance made of one kind of atom • Cannot be broken down into another substance. • Each element is known for its own individual properties

  4. Elements chemically combine to produce compounds. A. Atoms of an element B. Molecule of an element C. Molecules of a compound D. Mixture of 2 elements + a compound

  5. Elements • There are over 100 elements organized in the periodic table of elements.

  6. Elements • Each element has its own atomic number which is always a whole number.

  7. Each element has its own CHEMICAL SYMBOL, a symbolic representation of the element. • Elements are arranged on the Periodic Table of Elements numerically by ATOMIC NUMBER.

  8. CFU: Find the Symbol and Atomic #:

  9. Element Name Atomic Number Element Symbol Atomic Mass

  10. CFU: Element “?” has the number 10.811 by it. That must be it’s ___. • atomic mass • atomic number • atomic size • atomic weight

  11. CFU Review: What are the two kinds of Pure Substances? • Elements • Compounds

  12. CFU: Element “X” is chemically combined with Element “Z” to make “XZ”. “XZ” is considered to be ___. • an element • a compound • a heterogeneous mixture • a homogeneous mixture

  13. The Periodic Table of Elements 7-5.4 Use the periodic table to identify the basic organization of elements and groups of elements (including metals, nonmetals, and families).

  14. Engage Activity • Scavenger Hunt-Element Search: • students try to find as many words as they can from different elemental symbols being combined: • BaKEr • Note to Teacher: • PULL UP ActiveInspire Periodic Table

  15. Why is the Periodic Table important to me? • The periodic table is the most useful tool to a chemist. • You get to use it on every chemistry test. • It organizes lots of information about all the known elements.

  16. Pre-Periodic Table Chemistry … • …was a mess!!! • Elements were NOT organized. • Imagine going to a grocery store with no organization!! • It was difficult to find information. • Chemistry didn’t make sense.

  17. Dmitri Mendeleev: Father of the Table

  18. Dmitri Mendeleev: Father of the Table HOW HIS WORKED… • Put elements in rows by increasing atomic weight. • Put elements in columns by the way they reacted. SOME PROBLEMS… • He left blank spaces for what he said were undiscovered elements. (Turned out he was right!) • He broke the pattern of increasing atomic weight to keep similar reacting elements together.

  19. Solving the puzzle of the periodic table – Eric Rosado • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-48znAg7VE • 4:19

  20. The Periodic Table of Elements • Mendeleev wasn’t too far off. • Elements are arranged numerically by ATOMIC NUMBER.

  21. Groups & Families • Columns (up and down) are groupedinto families. • Families are also called groups. • Families may be one column, or several columns put together. • Families have namesrather than numbers. (Just like families share a common last name.)

  22. Families • Elements in the same family have similar chemical and physicalproperties! (react similarly to other substances) • (Mendeleev did that on purpose.)

  23. Family Names

  24. *Remember…. Column • Columns are grouped into families. Family

  25. *Remember…. Column Family

  26. Periods • A horizontal row (left to right) is called a period. Periods

  27. Periodic Table of Elements • There is a zig-zag line that divides the metals from the non-metals. Zig-zag line

  28. Metals are found on the left side of the zig-zag line. • Examples: Sodium, Calcium, Iron, and Aluminum • Non-metals are found on the right side of the zig-zag line. • Examples: Chlorine, Oxygen, Sulfur, and Iodine

  29. CFU: Families are organized in the periodic table by ____. • left to right rows • left to right columns • up and down columns • up and down rows

  30. CFU: Find another element in the same period as Helium. • Hydrogen (H)

  31. CFU: Will Helium react more like Neon or Hydrogen? Why • More like Neon b/c they are in the same family! • Elements in the same family/group react to other substances similarly.

  32. CFU: What is the purpose of the zig-zag line? • To separate Metals from Non-Metals

  33. CFU: Is Potassium (K, #19) a metal, non-metal, or metalloid? How do you know? • Metal (left side of zig-zag line)

  34. Outline each family/group with one color.

  35. Outline each period with a different color.

  36. Darkly separate the metals (left side) from the non-metals (right side) with a dark ZIG-ZAG line. Color the metal side with one color and non-metals with another color. (Do not use colors from above.)

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