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Diabetes

Diabetes. Islet of Langerhans. Insulin Secretion. Glucose enters β cell via GLUT2. Increase ATP concentration ATP-sensitive K + channel inactivated. Increased K + in cell gives depolarisation This opens a voltage-gated Ca 2+ channel

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Diabetes

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  1. Diabetes

  2. Islet of Langerhans

  3. Insulin Secretion • Glucose enters β cell via GLUT2. • Increase ATP concentration • ATP-sensitive K+ channel inactivated. • Increased K+ in cell gives depolarisation • This opens a voltage-gated Ca2+ channel • Calcium influx causes insulin-containing vesicles to bind with membrane and exocytose. (Releases insulin)

  4. Type I vs. II DM

  5. Ketoacidosis Type I Diabetes and Hyperglycaemia. Glucagon -> Glucose (glycogenolysis) Proteins -> Glucose (gluconeogenesis) Fat -> Ketones (lipolysis) Kidney Hyperglycaemia means glucose enters urine, taking water with it. Fall in pH, ketoacidosis Compensation in lungs Dehydration Pear drop breath Fast, deep breathing to compensate Coma Death

  6. Diabetes Symptoms • Weight loss • Polyuria, polydipsia, nocturia • Tiredness • Slower healing of wounds • Repeated UTIs/thrush • Blurring of vision.

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