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Understanding Neurons: Components and Functions

Neurons, the cells of the nervous system, transmit messages through various parts such as dendrites, cell body, axon, myelin sheath, Schwann cells, Nodes of Ranvier, and axon terminals. Learn about each component, their functions, and how they work together in the transmission of electrical impulses.

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Understanding Neurons: Components and Functions

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  1. Neurons

  2. Neurons The cells that carry the messages throughout the nervous system

  3. Parts of a Neuron - Dendrites Branched projections of a neuron that receives signals from other neurons. Sends signals to the cell body.

  4. Parts of a Neuron - Cell Body The cell body contains the nucleus and other organelles. Dendrites branch off of the cell body.

  5. Parts of a Neuron - Axon The axon is a long, projection of the neuron that conducts the electrical impulse away from the cell body

  6. Parts of a Neuron - Myelin Sheath Myelin forms a layer around the axon and functions to increase the speed of electrical impulses along axon

  7. Parts of a Neuron - Schwann Cells Schwann cells form myelin, which help conduct nerve impulses along the axon

  8. Parts of a Neuron - Nodes of Ranvier Nodes of Ranvier are gaps between the myelin sheaths. Electrical impulses jump from node to node, which helps to increase the speed of conduction.

  9. Parts of a Neuron - Axon Terminals Axon terminals are the end branches of a neuron.

  10. Synapse A structure at the end of the axon terminal that releases a neurotransmitter to an adjacent neuron.

  11. YouTube Neuron

  12. Parts of a Neuron • Draw and color • Label each part • Write description

  13. Stop Here

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