Instructional Ladders for Common Core Standards

1. Instructional Ladders for Common Core Standards Sherida Gentry and Carolyn Downing Educational Consultants West Kentucky Special Education Cooperative

2. R.CCR.2: Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas.

3. Disclaimer • The information in this PowerPoint was not meant to be utilized as the only instructional options for the Reading Standards. The examples are simply meant to be a starting point to show options for how strategies for teaching reading can be instructed. • CAUTION: You should utilize the Instructional Planning Tools located on the KDE websiteto organize your collaborative discussions with content specialists in order to develop the most appropriate instructional options for your students.

4. Text can be chosen from Appendix B:Text Exemplars and Sample Performance Tasks • Kindergarten and 1st– Henry’s Awful Mistake • 2nd and 3rd- a fable written by a 2nd grader • 4th and 5th– Scary Stories to Tell in the Dark (short story) • 6th- 8th–Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry • 9th and 10th- To Kill a Mocking Bird • 11th and 12th– The Bluest Eye

5. Task Analysis/Differentiated Instruction • Use repeated readings of a story • May begin instruction on lower level reading material • Use short stories • Use graphic organizers to make the abstract concept more concrete • Begin with a read aloud, then move to student reading • Scaffold the task

7. TERMS from Anchor Standard 2 • Theme-a broad idea, message, or moral of a story. The message may be about life, society, or human nature. Themes often explore timeless and universal ideas and are almost always implied rather than stated explicitly. • Central Message- same as theme • Central Idea-same as theme • Moral- the theme of a fable • Lesson- same as moral • Supporting details- major and minor, support the main idea by telling how, what, when, where, why, how much, or how many • Objective summary- using few words to give the most important information about something which is based on facts rather than feelings or opinions

8. Theme ……is a broad idea, message, or moral of a story. The message may be about life, society, or human nature. Themes often explore timeless and universal ideas and are almost always implied rather than stated explicitly. What exactly is this elusive thing called theme? • The theme of a fable is its moral. • The theme of a parable is its teaching. • The theme of a piece of fiction is its view about life and how people behave. In fiction, the theme is not intended to teach or preach. In fact, it is not presented directly at all. You extract it from the characters, action, and setting that make up the story. In other words, you must figure out the theme yourself.

9. There can be, and usually is, more than one theme, central idea or central message in a story. There will be at least one central theme, central idea or central message in each chapter of a story.

10. Fable-A succinct fictional story, in prose or verse, that features animals, mythical creatures, plants, inanimate objects or forces of nature which are given human qualities, and that illustrates a moral lesson (a "moral"), which may at the end be expressed explicitly in a pithy maxim (a short saying that serves as a motto.) • Folktale-A traditional narrative, usually anonymous, handed down orally - e.g., fables, fairy tales, legends, etc. • Myth - a legendary or traditional story, usually one concerning a superhuman being and dealing with events that have no natural explanation. A myth may also be an unproved belief that is accepted uncritically, or an invented idea or story. It usually attempts to explain a phenomenon or strange occurrence without regard to fact or common sense and appeals to the emotions rather than reason. A myth is less historical than a legend and usually persists through oral transmission, as do legends and fables.

11. Change definition of myth

12. 1st and 2nd grades

13. Anchor Standard 2 (Literature) Kindergarten

14. Anchor Standard 2 (Literature) 1st Grade

15. L.2. 1st “Retell stories, including key details, anddemonstrate understanding of their centralmessage or lesson.” 1st grade

16. L.2. 1st “Retell stories, including key details, anddemonstrate understanding of their centralmessage or lesson.” 1st grade

17. 2nd and 3rd grades The Duck That Listened By RiaChinchankar One day, a mother duck has ten little ducklings. When all the ducks were five the mother duck said, “I will teach you all how to play the flute.” Then all of the ducks began to laugh except for one, the tenth duck. So he said, “Mama, Mama, can you teach me?” “OK,” said Mama. The duck was horrible! “A little bit more practice and you will sound great,” said Mama. And so he practiced a lot. He was very good. He was twenty years old by then. One day, he became famous playing the flute while all his other siblings were poor. MORAL: Listen to your parents and you will be successful. http://www.pleasanton.k12.ca.us/wgesweb/lim/StudentWorkOctober.htm

18. Anchor Standard 2 (Literature) 2nd Grade The theme of a fable is its moral.

19. L. 2. 2nd“Recount stories, including fables and folktalesfrom diverse cultures, and determine their centralmessage, lesson, or moral.” 2nd grade

20. L. 2. 2nd“Recount stories, including fables and folktalesfrom diverse cultures, and determine their centralmessage, lesson, or moral.” 2nd grade

21. Anchor Standard 2 (Literature) 3rd Grade

22. L. 2. 3rd“Recount stories, including fables, folktales, andmyths from diverse cultures; determine the central message,lesson, or moral and explain how it is conveyed through key details in the text.” 3th grade

23. L. 2. 3rd“Recount stories, including fables, folktales, andmyths from diverse cultures; determine the central message,lesson, or moral and explain how it is conveyed through key details in the text.” 3th grade

24. 4th and 5th grades

26. Anchor Standard 2 (Literature) 4th Grade

27. L. 2. 4th Determine a theme of a story, drama, or poem from details in the text; summarize the text. 4th grade

28. L. 2. 4th Determine a theme of a story, drama, or poem from details in the text; summarize the text. 4th grade

29. Anchor Standard 2 (Literature) 5th Grade

30. L. 2. 5th Determine a theme of a story, drama, or poem from details in the text, including how characters in a story or drama respond to challenges or how the speaker in a poem reflects upon a topic; summarize the text. 5th grade

32. L. 2. 5th Determine a theme of a story, drama, or poem from details in the text, including how characters in a story or drama respond to challenges or how the speaker in a poem reflects upon a topic; summarize the text. 5th grade

34. 6th – 8th grades Chapter 1

35. Anchor Standard 2 (Literature) 6th Grade

36. L. 2. 6th Determine a theme or central idea of a text and how it is conveyed through particular details; provide a summary of the text distinct from personal opinions or judgments. 6th grade

37. L. 2. 6th Determine a theme or central idea of a text and how it is conveyed through particular details; provide a summary of the text distinct from personal opinions or judgments. 6th grade

38. Anchor Standard 2 (Literature) 7th Grade

39. L. 2. 7th Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text; provide an objective summary of the text.

40. L. 2. 7thDetermine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text; provide an objective summary of the text. 7th grade

41. L. 2. 7th Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text; provide an objective summary of the text. 7th grade Chapter 1

42. Episode Box Main Idea Main Character/s from the theme _______________ What is most important about the main character/s? (related to the theme) __________________________________________________ _______+_______= main idea

43. Episode Box Main Idea Main Character/s from the theme -Cassie What is most important about the main character/s? (related to the theme)-She realized that there was extreme racism in the south marked by greed and hatred. Main idea- Cassierealized that there was extreme racism in the south during that time marked by greed and hatred.

44. Do an episode box, determining Main Idea, through different episodes along the story plot.

46. Cassierealized that there was extreme racism in the south marked by greed and hatred

47. L. 2. 7th Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text; provide an objective summary of the text.

48. Anchor Standard 2 (Literature) 8th Grade

49. THEME

50. L. 2. 8thDetermine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including its relationship to the characters, setting, and plot; provide an objective summary of the text. 8th grade