1 / 15

States of Matter

States of Matter. Some definitions. Matter: has mass and volume Chemistry is the study of matter The properties of different types of matter The way matter changes and behaves when influenced by other matter and/or energy. Properties of Matter.

effie
Download Presentation

States of Matter

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. States of Matter

  2. Some definitions • Matter: has mass and volume • Chemistry is the study of matter • The properties of different types of matter • The way matter changes and behaves when influenced by other matter and/or energy

  3. Properties of Matter • Physical Properties: the inherent characteristics of matter that are directly observable. • Color • Melting point • Boiling point • Chemical Properties: the characteristics of matter that allow it to form new substances Alcohol ignites in a flame. Wood is burned in a fireplace.

  4. Classify each of the followingas a physical or chemical property: • Ethyl alcohol boiling at 78°C. • Hardness of a diamond. • Sugar fermenting to form ethyl alcohol.

  5. Changes in Matter • Physical changes: changes to matter that do not result in a change the inherent make-up of the substance • State changes: boiling, melting, condensing • Chemical changes: changes thatinvolve a change in the fundamental components of the substance • Chemical reactions: Reactants  Products e.g. propane + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

  6. Classify each of the following as a physical or chemical change: • Iron metal melting • Iron combining with oxygen to form rust • Sugar fermenting to form ethyl alcohol

  7. Elements and Compounds • Elements:substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions • Most substances are chemical combinations of elements. These combinations are called compounds. • Compounds are made of elements. • Compounds can be broken down into elements.

  8. Classification of Matter • Homogeneous: uniform composition throughout • Pure substances • Solutions (homogeneous mixtures) • Heterogeneous: non-uniform; contains regions with different properties than other regions

  9. Pure Substances • Pure substances • All samples have the same physical and chemical properties. • Constant composition: All samples have the same composition. • Homogeneous

  10. Mixtures • Mixtures • Different samples may show different properties. • Variable composition. • Homogeneous or heterogeneous. • Separate into components based on physical properties • All mixtures are made of pure substances.

  11. Solutions • A solution is a homogeneous mixture. • Phase can be gaseous, liquid, or solid.

  12. Identity each of the following as a pure substance, homogeneous mixture, or heterogeneous mixture. • Gasoline • A stream with gravel on the bottom • Copper metal

  13. Gas Chromatogram of Unleaded Gasoline

  14. Separation of a Mixture

  15. The organization of matter (Figure 3.10)

More Related