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Understanding the Axial Skeleton: Anatomy and Functions

Explore the components of the human axial skeleton, including the skull, vertebral column, bony thorax, and hyoid bone. Learn about the structure of the skull, paranasal sinuses, and the unique characteristics of the hyoid bone.

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Understanding the Axial Skeleton: Anatomy and Functions

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  1. The Axial Skeleton • Forms the longitudinal axis of the body • Divided into three parts • Skull • Vertebral column • Bony thorax

  2. The Axial Skeleton Figure 5.6a

  3. The Axial Skeleton Figure 5.6b

  4. The Skull • Two sets of bones • Cranium • Facial bones • Bones are joined by sutures • Only the mandible is attached by a freely movable joint

  5. Human Skull, Lateral View Figure 5.7

  6. Human Skull, Superior View Figure 5.8

  7. Human Skull, Inferior View Figure 5.9

  8. Human Skull, Anterior View Figure 5.11

  9. Paranasal Sinuses • Hollow portions of bones surrounding the nasal cavity • Functions of paranasal sinuses • Lighten the skull • Give resonance and amplification to voice

  10. Paranasal Sinuses Figure 5.10a

  11. Paranasal Sinuses Figure 5.10b

  12. The Hyoid Bone • The only bone that does not articulate with another bone • Serves as a moveable base for the tongue • Aids in swallowing and speech

  13. The Hyoid Bone Figure 5.12

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