Edwin Powell Hubble (1889–1953 )

1. Edwin Powell Hubble (1889–1953) a presentation by Nathaniel Ross and Victoria Stewart

2. a brief biography of Edwin Hubble • Born 20th of November 1889 in Marshfield, Missouri • Outstanding athlete in high school and college: baseball, football, basketball, track, and amateur boxing • Bachelor of Science at the University of Chicago (math, astronomy, and philosophy) • Despite his intense interest in astronomy since boyhood, surrendered to his father’s request to study law • Bachelor’s, Master’s and Rhodes Scholar at The Queen’s College, Oxford (jurisprudence, literature, and Spanish) • In 1913, when his father died, he taught high school Spanish, math, and physics for one year before resuming his study of astronomy • PhD in astronomy at University of Chicago

3. biography continued: • Served in first World War as Major in United States Army • Studied astronomy at Cambridge after the war • From 1919 until his death, he worked at Mount Wilson and Mount Palomar Observatories • Served in the Army during the second World War at Aberdeen Proving Ground • Converted from Christianity to agnosticism • No funeral was held, nor is his burial site known

4. discoveries • Proved that other galaxies exist outside of the Milky Way — previously, it was believed that the Milky Way Galaxy made up the entire Universe • Established a system of classifying galaxies, known as the Hubble Sequence • Hubble’s Law — proved through observation that the Universe is expanding, thus verifying the Big Bang Theory

5. honors & awards • Catherine Wolfe Bruce Gold Medal 1938 — “for outstanding lifetime contributions to astronomy” (Bruce Medal, 2013) • Franklin Medal 1939 — “a solar and engineering award…by the Franklin Institute of Philadelphia” (Franklin Medal, 2013) • Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society 1940 • Legion of Merit 1946 — “for outstanding contribution to ballistics research” (Edwin Hubble, 2013) • Asteroid 2069 Hubble • The crater Hubble on the Moon • Hubble Space Telescope • Hubble Planetarium in Brooklyn, NY

6. honors & awards continued: • Edwin Hubble Highway — stretch of Interstate 44 passing through his birthplace, Marshfield, Missouri • Inducted into the Hall of Famous Missourians 2003 • Postage stamp issued in 2008 "American Scientists" US stamp series • The Edwin P. Hubble Medal of Initiative is awarded annually by the city of Marshfield, Missouri • Hubble Middle School in Wheaton, Illinois

7. The Hubble Space Telescope • Named after astronomer Edwin Hubble • Carried into orbit by Space Shuttle Discovery in 1990 • Hubble's orbit outside the distortion of Earth's atmosphere allows it to take extremely high-resolution images with almost no background light — observations have led to determining the rate of expansion of the universe

8. References Bruce medal. In (2013). Wikipedia. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Medal Edwin Hubble. In (2013). Wikipedia. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_Hubble Franklin medal. In (2013). Wikipedia. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Medal Hubble sequence. In (2013). Wikipedia. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubble_sequence Hubble space telescope. In (2013). Wikipedia. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubble_Space_Teles cope

9. References continued: Images. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.google.com/search?q=edwin hubble photos&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&e i=h0Y1UpOANpLi8gTx6oCwBA&ved=0CCsQsA Q&biw=1600&bih=767&dpr=1