Journey Through Art History: Techniques and Masterpieces

1. ART HISTORY. Painting

2. Painting Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (support base). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and airbrushes, can be used. The final work is also called a painting. Painting is an important form in the visual arts, bringing in elements such as drawing, gesture (as in gestural painting), composition, narration (as in narrative art), or abstraction (as in abstract art). Paintings can be naturalistic and representational (as in a still life or landscape painting), photographic, abstract, narrative, symbolistic (as in Symbolist art), emotive (as in Expressionism), or political in nature (as in Artivism). Reina SofiaMuseum, Madrid Jackson Pollockworking

3. Different types of paint are usually identified by the medium that the pigment is suspended or embedded in, which determines the general working characteristics of the paint, such as viscosity, miscibility, solubility, drying time, etc.Oil painting is the process of painting with pigments that are bound with a medium of drying oil, such as linseed oil, which was widely used in early modern Europe.Fresco is any of several related mural painting types, done on plaster on walls or ceilings. Buon fresco technique consists of painting in pigment mixed with water on a thin layer of wet, fresh lime mortar or plaster, for which the Italian word for plaster, intonaco, is used.Tempera, also known as egg tempera, is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of colored pigment mixed with a water-soluble binder medium.Ink paintings are done with a liquid that contains pigments and/or dyes and is used to color a surface to produce an image, text, or design.Watercolor is a painting method in which the paints are made of pigments suspended in a water-soluble vehicle.Gouache is a water-based paint consisting of pigment and other materials designed to be used in an opaque painting method. There are other medium like acrylic, hot wax or encaustic, enamel, spray paint or digital painting. Tahull, Pantocrator Thegirls of Avignon

4. Elements of painting The Visual Elements of line, shape, tone, color, pattern, texture and form are the building blocks of composition in art. When we analyse any drawing, painting, sculpture or design, we examine these component parts to see how they combine to create the overall effect of the artwork. Line is the foundation of all drawing. It is the first and most versatile of the visual elements of art. Line in an artwork can be used in many different ways. It can be used to suggest shape, pattern, form, structure, growth, depth, distance, rhythm, movement and a range of emotions.Volume: mass/space. Shape can be natural or man-made, regular or irregular, flat (2-dimensional) or solid (3-dimensional), representational or abstract, geometric or organic, transparent or opaque, positive or negative, decorative or symbolic, colored, patterned or textured. Munch, TheScream, 1893

5. The Perspective of Shapes: The angles and curves of shapes appear to change depending on our viewpoint. The technique we use to describe this change is called perspective drawing (linear and aerial perspectives). Tone is the lightness or darkness of a color. The tonal values of an artwork can be adjusted to alter its expressive character. Color is the visual element that has the strongest effect on our emotions. We use color to create the mood or atmosphere of an artwork. Pattern is made by repeating or echoing the elements of an artwork to communicate a sense of balance, harmony, contrast, rhythm or movement. Texture is the surface quality of an artwork - the roughness or smoothness of the material from which it is made. Form is the physical volume of a shape and the space that it occupies. Form can be representational or abstract. Munch, TheScream, 1893

6. Quattrocento, 1424-26, Masaccio’sHoly Trinity

7. Examples The Cave of Altamira, around 20000 BC Portraitof PaquiusProculo, 79 AD Tahull, Pantocrator, 1123

8. ArnolfiniMarriage, 15th century, Van Eyck

9. Raphael, The School of Athens (1511)

10. The beheading of St. John the Baptist by Caravaggio, 1608

11. ALL THE CHARACTERS LOOK AT VIEWERS SO VIEWERS GET INSIDE PAINTING. SCENE LOOKS LIKE A MOMENT IN A PHOTOGRAPH Linear perspective Aerialperspective in interior classic paintings of royal collections Monarchsportrait in themirror PainterSelf-portrait Open door, continuousdepth Jesters Familiar scene of theheir and thepalace ladies GROUP PORTRAIT Las Meninasby Velazquez, 1656

12. The Fable of Arachne, The spinners by Velazquez, 1657

13. Vermeer, Girl with a Pearl Earring, 1665

14. The Shootings of May Third 1808 by Goya, 1814

15. ThéodoreGéricault, The Raft of the Medusa, 1818–1819

16. Édouard Manet, Le Déjeuner sur l’herbe, 1863

17. Claude Monet, Impression, Sunrise, 1874

18. Vincent van Gogh, The Starry Night, 1889

19. Gustav Klimt, The Kiss, 1907–1908

20. Piet Mondrian, Composition with Red, Blue and Yellow, 1930

21. Pablo Picasso, Guernica, 1937

22. Jackson Pollock, Convergence, 1952

23. Made by Francisco Javier AbadesAnsián History teacher, Castilla y León (Spain) Feel free to use and share