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How to Understand Shakespeare

How to Understand Shakespeare. …Because I know you don’t. Literary Terms Act I Scene I. Prologue: A short introduction at the beginning of a play or novel that gives a brief overview of the plot .

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How to Understand Shakespeare

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  1. How to Understand Shakespeare …Because I know you don’t

  2. Literary Terms Act I Scene I • Prologue: A short introduction at the beginning of a play or novel that gives a brief overview of the plot • Sonnet: Fourteen line lyric poem that is usually written in iambic pentameter . It has a rhyme scheme of ABAB CDCD EFEF GG - AKA three quatrains and a couplet

  3. Literary Terms Act I Scene II • Chorus: A group of individuals, in a play, who say things at the same time. • Foil: Character who is used as a contrast to another character in order to intensify the more focal character.

  4. Literary Terms Act I Scene III • Verbal Irony: A difference between what is said and what is meant. Think sarcasm. • Situational Irony: When what happens is contrary to what is expected. Dramatic Irony: When the audience knows something the people in the narrative do not. Think scary movies.. WHY ARE YOU GOING INTO THE BASEMENT!!! YOU KNOW THE KILLER IS IN THERE!!!

  5. Literary Terms Act I Scene IV • Dynamic Character: A character who changes as a result of the stories events. • Static Character: A character who DOES NOT CHANGE as a result of the stories events.

  6. Literary Terms Act I Scene V • Pun: A play on the multiple meanings of a word or two words that sound alike but have different meanings. • Comic Relief: Humor added to lessen the seriousness of a plot.

  7. Literary Terms Act I Scene VI • Soliloquy: An unusually long speech by a character, who is usually alone, spoken to no one in particular. Their inner thoughts. • Aside: When a character addresses the audience. They breakdown the fourth wall. • Monologue: A speech by one character in a play.

  8. Literary Terms Act I Scene VII • Tragic Flaw: The fault of the protagonist that results in their downfall or death. • Stock Character: Character types that occur repeatedly in a type of genre. Ex: every reality show has the “cool” guy.

  9. The Five Act Play Structure Yes, even Shakespeare had an outline

  10. Play Structure Act II Scene I

  11. Play Structure Act II Scene II • Shakespeare follows the format Greek philosopher Sophocles when in regards to play structure. • The tragic character suffers a “reversal of fortune.” • This “reversal of fortune” is brought on by their tragic flaw (see Act I Scene VII).

  12. Play Structure Act II Scene III • Act I: The Exposition – here the audience is introduced to the setting, characters, and germ of conflict.

  13. Play Structure Act II Scene IV • Act II: Rising Action – here the action becomes more complicated. Tensions mount and momentum builds.

  14. Play Structure Act II Scene V • Act III: Climax – the conflict finally reaches its most epic moment. It can also be the hero standing at a crossroads, leading their followers to victory or defeat, or failing miserably or rising from the ashes.

  15. Play Structure Act II Scene VI • Act IV: Falling Action – here the consequences from Act III (rising action) play out. Momentum begins to slow and tension is heightened by false hope or fears. Here, there is still hope for our tragic hero.

  16. Play Structure Act II Scene V • Act V: Resolution – the conflict is finally resolved. This can happen in various ways; whether through a catastrophe, the downfall of the hero or his victory, or a transfiguration. • This is also known as the denouement (oOo fancy French). This is where the final strands of the plot are pulled together.

  17. Shakespearean Pronouns … and you thought he, she, and they were confusing.

  18. Pronouns Act III Scene I • Thou = you in subject form (thou art a villain) • Thee = you in object form (I give this to thee) • Thy = your (they sheet is stained) • Thine= yours (it shall always be thine) • Thyself = yourself (kill thyself) • Hast = have (what hast thou done) • Dost = do (why dost thou hate me)

  19. Pronouns Act III Scene II • Doth = does ( methinks the lady doth protest too much) • Art = are (where art thou) • Ye = you, can be plural ( ye are a fool or ye are fools) • Hence = away from this place (I go hense) • Henceforth/Henceforward = from now on (henceforth, my son is king)

  20. Pronouns Act III Scene III • Thence = from there or from that place (I come from thence) • Whence = which place, what place, or what source/origin (go back to the pit from whence you came) • Whencesover = from whatever place (sent from London whencesover) • Hither = here/to this place (come hither)

  21. Pronouns Act III Scene IV • Hitherto = up until now (I have escorted you hitherto) • Hitherward = to here/this place (they move hitherward) • Thither = to that place (she has sent me thither) • Thitherward = in that direction (he was sent thitherward)

  22. Pronouns Act III Scene V • Whither = to which place/why, for which purpose (whither goest thou or whither wouldst thou send) • Somewhither = somewhere (I go somewhither) • Begone = disappear or leave (begone, villian)

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