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Explore the various political party systems including one-party, two-party, and multiple-party systems, as well as the types of political parties like pragmatic, ideological, interest, personal, and movement parties. Learn how parties influence elections and legislation while serving as intermediaries between the public and government.
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LET’S PARTAY!!! A Look Into Political Party Systems
Roles of Political Parties • The goal of a party is electoral success • It is the mechanism by which candidates are chosen to run for office and leaders are selected • Influences and educates voters • Puts forth legislative ideas • Serve as intermediaries b/w public and gov’t • Training ground for politicians • Reconciles conflicting demands of public
One Party System • Also called single party system or one party-dominant system • No political or legal alternatives…one united goal or ideology • Single party system ex = the former Communist Party of the USSR • One party dominant system ex = PRI party in Mexico …ex 2 Liberals in Canada???
Two Party System • When two credible party option exist • Gives two clear choices for electorate and politicians and no vote splitting • Britain (Conservatives and Labour) • US (Democrats and Republicans) • Canada from 1867-1921 • Two party plus???
Multiple Party System • Three or more political parties have a realistic chance of winning • Sweden has 7 parties in parliament • Difficult to attain majority gov’t might mean unstable parliament – strong coalitions can overcome this • Better chance of electorate and politicians identifying with a political party
Types of Political Parties • 1. Pragmatic Party • 2. Ideological Party • 3. Interest Party • 4. Personal Party • 5. Movement Party
Pragmatic Party • Concerned primarily with programs that the public views as solutions to problems • Pragmatic parties often flip flop on ideas and even steal each other’s proposal • Ex Chretien opposed Free Trade and the GST ex2 Bennett opposed King’s new deal then adopted it in office
Ideological Party • Party doctrine is more important than electoral success – ex Communist Party…NDP too???
Interest Party • Converts an interest group into a full fledge party • Ex – The Green Party or Marijuana Party
Personal Parties • Based on a single influential party leader • Ex – Castro, Mao, Peronistas (Argentina), Mugabe (Zimbabwe)
Movement Party • A political movement that evolves into a party (a union of people for profound social change) • Ex The Congress Party of India …. The Bloc Quebecois