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Lecture 22 Thursday 3/27/08 Blowout Velocity CSTR Explosion Batch Reactor Explosion

Lecture 22 Thursday 3/27/08 Blowout Velocity CSTR Explosion Batch Reactor Explosion. CSTR with Heat Effects. Energy Balance for CSTRs Equation (8-9) (page 476). (page 593). At Steady State. Solving for X Solving for T. Mole Balance. Rate Law Stoichiometry Combine. Heat Effects.

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Lecture 22 Thursday 3/27/08 Blowout Velocity CSTR Explosion Batch Reactor Explosion

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  1. Lecture 22 Thursday 3/27/08Blowout VelocityCSTR ExplosionBatch Reactor Explosion

  2. CSTR with Heat Effects Energy Balance for CSTRs Equation (8-9) (page 476)

  3. (page 593)

  4. At Steady State Solving for X Solving for T

  5. Mole Balance Rate Law Stoichiometry Combine

  6. Heat Effects Isothermal Design Stoichiometry Rate Laws Mole Balance

  7. Isothermal Design Heat Effects Rate Laws Stoichiometry Mole Balance

  8. Safety in Chemical Reactors

  9. Then rearranging Equation (9-8)

  10. Complete conversion FA = 0 • Batch Reactors with Heat Effects • Single Reactions • Multiple Reactions • Risk Rupture

  11. Reactor Mole Balance Summary

  12. Keeping MBAs Away From Chemical Reactors The process worked for 19 years before they showed up!! Why did they come???? What did they want????

  13. NO2 NO2 Cl NH2 + 2NH3 + NH4Cl ONCB + Ammonia Nitroanaline + Ammonium Chloride Nitroaniline Synthesis Reaction

  14. NH3 in H2O ONCB Autoclave 175 oC ~550 psi NH3 Separation Filter Press O-Nitroaniline Product Stream “fast” Orange Nitroaniline Synthesis Process To Crystallizing Tanks

  15. Old 3 kmol ONCB 43 kmol Ammonia 100 kmol Water V = 3.25 m3 Nitroaniline Synthesis Reactor

  16. NO2 NO2 Cl NH2 + 2NH3 + NH4Cl ONCB + Ammonia Nitroanaline + Ammonium Chloride Same Nitroaniline Synthesis Reaction Batch Reactor, 24 hour reaction time Management said:TRIPLE PRODUCTION

  17. New 9 kmol ONCB 33 kmol Ammonia 100 kmol Water V = 5 m3 MBAStyle Nitroaniline Synthesis Reactor

  18. Monsanto Accident

  19. 400 Temperature oC Cooling Restored Isothermal Operation 200 175 9:55 t = 0 10:40 10:50 midnight 12:18 Temperature-time trajectory fuse

  20. 400 Temperature oC Cooling Restored Qr = 0 Isothermal Operation 200 175 9:55 t = 0 10:40 10:50 midnight 12:18 Temperature-time trajectory fuse

  21. CSTR multiple reactions - =0

  22. Example Mole balance) Rates) net rates, relative rates, rate laws….. Stoichiometry) Energy Balance)

  23. FA0 FI0 A If the flow rate shut off, the temperature will rise (possibly to point of explosion!)

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