Unit 8, Lesson 3 US Landmarks

1. Unit 8, Lesson 3US Landmarks • Essential Questions: What is geography? • Learning Target: (G.2.1) IWBAT locate major cultural landmarks that are emblematic of the United States. • Formative Assessment(s):Choose one major cultural landmark and explain how it has had an effect on our country’s history Homework: Vocabulary • Daily Rubric: 4 – I fully understand the learning target and I am ready to move on • 3 – I feel like I have a good understanding of the learning target but I need to cover it a little more • 2 – I feel kind of lost on the learning target and I need a lot of review before I can move on • 1 – I am completely lost and feel like I need to completely cover this learning target over

2. Preview(G.2.1) IWBAT locate major cultural landmarks that are emblematic of the United States. Name the cultural landmark to the right. What is the significance of the landmark?

3. VocabularyLearning Target: (G.2.1) IWBAT locate major cultural landmarks that are emblematic of the United States. • Cultural Landmark: manmade building or place that is of outstanding historical, aesthetic or cultural importance; often declared by some authorizing organization • Physical Landmark: geographical place that is of outstanding historical, aesthetic or cultural importance

4. Activity- Name that Landmark!Learning Target: (G.2.1) IWBAT locate major cultural and physical landmarks that are emblematic of the United States.

5. A Brief History of the Statue • The copper and steel statue — formally named Liberty Enlightening the World — has been a fixture of New York City and a symbol for the nation since its dedication by President Grover Cleveland in October 1886. The 225-ton monument arrived a year earlier in 214 crates as a gift from France. Including her pedestal and foundation, Lady Liberty reaches 305 feet; her index finger measures eight feet long, tipped by a 13-inch fingernail. Designed by French sculptor Frederic-Auguste Bartholdi to celebrate the centennial of the Declaration of Independence, the statue's $250,000 tab was covered via donations, a French national lottery and a benefit concert at the Paris Opera, among other things. America, in return, was responsible for the statue's base and pedestal, to be constructed within the existing walls of Fort Wood, an Army post on what was then known as Bedloe's Island. At first, most Americans weren't fans of Lady Liberty; out-of-town newspapers and political leaders scoffed at the idea of backing a "local" New York project. Momentum began to shift as Joseph Pulitzer used his New York World to talk up the effort, prompting benefit balls, theatrical performances and donations from schoolchildren to help finish the $280,000 job.

6. What is this?

7. A Brief History of the House • Construction began when the first cornerstone was laid in October of 1792. Although President Washington oversaw the construction of the house, he never lived in it. It was not until 1800, when the White House was nearly completed, that its first residents, President John Adams and his wife, Abigail, moved in. Since that time, each President has made his own changes and additions. The White House is, after all, the President’s private home. It is also the only private residence of a head of state that is open to the public, free of charge. • The White House has a unique and fascinating history. It survived a fire at the hands of the British in 1814 (during the war of 1812) and another fire in the West Wing in 1929, while Herbert Hoover was President. Throughout much of Harry S. Truman’s presidency, the interior of the house, with the exception of the third floor, was completely gutted and renovated while the Trumans lived at Blair House, right across Pennsylvania Avenue. Nonetheless, the exterior stone walls are those first put in place when the White House was constructed two centuries ago

8. What is this?

9. A Brief History of the Empire State Building • Empire State Building, in central Manhattan, New York City, on Fifth Ave. between 33d St. and 34th St. It was designed by the firm of Shreve, Lamb, and Harmon and built in 1930–31. For many years its 102 stories (1,250 ft/381 m high) made it the tallest building in the world. The construction of the World Trade Center ended its reign as the world's and the city's highest skyscraper, but it regained the latter distinction through misfortune when the Trade Center was destroyed (2001) by a terrorist attack. An office building, the Empire State Building accommodates some 25,000 tenants. On a very clear day the view from its highest observation tower embraces an area with a circumference of nearly 200 mi (320 km)

10. What is this?

11. A Brief History of the Arch • The Gateway Arch, or “Gateway to the West,” is the principal component of the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial, an extraordinary monument built on the west bank of the Mississippi River in St. Louis, Missouri, “the oldest European city in the Midwest.” The Gateway Arch is the tallest man-made monument in the United States (630 feet, or 192 meters) and the second tallest freestanding monument in the world after the Eiffel Tower.

12. What is this?

13. A Brief History of The Alamo • Spanish settlers built the Mission San Antonio de Valero, named for St. Anthony of Padua, on the banks of the San Antonio River around 1718. They also established the nearby military garrison of San Antonio de Béxar, which soon became the center of a settlement known as San Fernando de Béxar (later renamed San Antonio). The Mission San Antonio de Valero housed missionaries and their Native American converts for some 70 years until 1793, when Spanish authorities secularized the five missions located in San Antonio and distributed their lands among local residents. • In 1845, the United States annexed Texas. For many years afterward, the U.S. Army quartered troops and stored supplies at the Alamo. In 1883, the state of Texas purchased the Alamo, later acquiring property rights to all the surrounding grounds. The Daughters of the Republic of Texas, a women’s organization including descendants of the earliest Texan residents, has managed the Alamo since 1905. Today, more than 2.5 million people a year visit the 4.2-acre site, which includes some original structures dating back to the mission period.

14. What is this?

15. A brief History of the Dam • Hoover Dam spans the Colorado River in Black Canyon between Arizona and Nevada, some 30 miles southeast of Las Vegas Nevada. Constructed in the 1930s, the concrete arch-gravity structure was intended to prevent flooding as well as provide much-needed irrigation and hydroelectric power to arid regions of states like California and Arizona. It was originally known as Boulder Dam, but was renamed in 1947 in honor of Herbert Hoover, who as U.S. secretary of commerce and the 31st U.S. president proved instrumental in getting the dam built. At 726 feet high and 1,244 feet long, Hoover Dam was one of the largest man-made structures in the world at the time of its construction, and one of the world’s largest producers of hydroelectric power.

16. Landmarks Map

17. Formative Assessment • (G.2.1) IWBAT locate major cultural landmarks that are emblematic of the United States. Formative Assessment(s):Choose one major cultural landmark and explain how it has had an effect on our country’s history