As You sow- So shall You reap

1. As You sow- So shall You reap

2. Many factors may affect the output of the cultivation: • Environmental conditions • Soil characteristics • Watering • Fertilization, treatments • Tillage • Farmer • Local and global market • Others

3. The seed is the first determinant of the future plant development. The seed is The' ‘master key to success’ In agriculture.

4. Contents • Seed Security • Seed Production • Seed Assurance • Seed Infrastructure • Seed Moving in International Trade

5. Contents • Seed Security • Seed Production • Seed Assurance • Seed Infrastructure • Seed Moving in International Trade

6. SEED SECURITY: availability of the appropriate variety at the right place and time, in sufficient quantity and quality

7. Seed Security • Availability • Late Kharif • Early Rabi • Rabi 2009-10: Crops and States

8. Kharif 2009 • Adequate seed at start of Kharif 2009 with surplus of 15.54 lakh quintals • GOI further facilitated seed availability in drought situation: TL seed, standards, age of variety relaxation etc • Subsidy enhanced under Crop development programs • Seed thus ensured for contingency plans

9. Late Kharif 2009 • Requirement of 331652 quintals tied-up • urd, moong, arhar, jowar, bajra, maize, vegetable, horsegram, sunflower, groundnut, paddy • Only marginal requirement of niger un-tied

10. Early Rabi 2009 • Tie-up achieved for requirement of 42 lakh quintals • Toria, fodder, gram, wheat, peas, mustard, potato, linseed, lentil • Only 42645 quintals of Durham Seed for MP un-tied

11. Rabi 2009-10

12. Rabi 2009 Crop Position Adequate availability of seed of cereal crops. No shortfall. 12

13. Rabi 2009: Crop position 12 states growing Lentil. Own production is only 10%. 13

14. Rabi 2009: Crop position 3 States producing Linseed. Own production only 4.3%. 14

15. Rabi 2009: Crop position 15

16. Shortages Quantity (in quintals) 16

17. Other crops • Arhar: No surplus • Soyabean: No surplus • Horsegram: No surplus • Castor: No surplus • Niger: No surplus • Til: +5 • Safflower: +230

18. State wise position • Reviewed in detail in ZSRM. • Reflected in agenda notes: Annexure VIII

19. Rabi seed over five years

20. Preparedness for Kharif 2010 • Impact on seed production programs • Capitalize on late Kharif rainfall (arhar, Jute etc.). • Compensatory seed production programs in Rabi 2009 and summer. • Advance production tie-up with National Seed Producing Agencies. • Outsourcing from Private . • Incentives for Seed Production. 20

21. Seed Security • Seed Production • Seed Assurance • Seed Moving in International Trade • Seed Pricing

22. Seed production • Seed production against NSP • Low SRR crops and States • Public, private share • Seed Village Programme • Multiplication • Stakeholders in Seed production

23. All crops Seed availability : 279.72 lakh qtls Requirement NSP : 258.87 lakh qtls. Gap in specific crops – 32 lakh qtls.

24. SRR norms Existing Proposed Self pollinated: 35 Cross pollinated: 50 Hybrid: 100 • Self pollinated: 25 • Cross pollinated: 35 • Hybrid: 100

25. Wheat + 24.3 lakh qtls over NSP

26. Arhar + 0.49 lakh qtls against NSP

27. Urd + 0.66 lakh qtls over NSP

28. Moong +0.53 lakh qtls over NSP

29. Mustard +1.4 lakh qtls over NSP

30. Soyabean + 22.12 lakh qtls over NSP

31. Paddy Gap of -21 lakh qtls against NSP

32. Gram Gap of -3.27 lakh qtls against NSP

33. Groundnut Gap of -2.77 lakh qtls over NSP

34. Sunflower Gap in Seed Production -0.2 lakh qtl.

35. Cotton Gap of – 1.44 lakh qtls over NSP

36. Low SRR Crops and States Paddy -21 lakh Qtl Gram -3.27 lakh qtls Rajasthan – 4.44 Madhya Pradesh –4.51 Tamilnadu - 5 Bihar –8 Jharkhand -10 Haryana –10.51 Chattisgarh-11.88 Orissa- 15.11 Maharashtra - 19 Uttar Pradesh – 19.06 Karnataka – 18 Gujarat – 22.37 Uttarkhand - 9 Madhya Pradesh 10.06 Chattisgarh -13.8 Jharkhand 14.25 Orissa -14.8 J & K – 15.28 Assam 17.3 Bihar -19 Gujarat 22.76

37. Low SRR States Groundnut Madhya Pradesh-0.54 Gujrat -2.26 Chattisgarh-3.07 Uttar Pradesh-3.41 Rajasthan-4.49 Maharashtra-5 Tamilnadu-6.07 Karnataka 10

38. Seed Village Programme • Wef 2006 • Upto 2008-09: 140 lakh quintal seed. 64000 seed villages • Major thrust in 2009-10 • Another 100 lakhqtl production anticipated • Major gains: improvement in farmer seed, locally available seed, SRR, demonstration etc • Evaluation in CFY

39. Public, private share in seed availability

40. Availability to Production: Rabi 2009 PSU’s, SAU’s, DOA, Co-operatives Private, SVP, Farmer seed

41. Growth in seed production and foodgrain production

42. Multiplication of seed • Not as per norm • Entire indented quantity of BS to be made available • Varietal match • Entire allocated quantity to be lifted • Conversion into foundation seed as per norm • Conversion from foundation to certified as per norm • Breeder seed is a scarce commodity • Multiply efficiently VRR: incentivize; lead

43. Stakeholders in Seed production • SSC’s: profitability; business profiles; VRR; seed pricing vis a vis subsidies; core competency • SAU’s: Acquisition of new technologies; maintenance breeding • Seed certification agencies: Seed bill: overload; accreditation of private agencies

44. Seed Security • Seed Production • Seed Assurance • Seed Moving in International Trade • Seed Pricing

45. ►“Seed quality assurance“ Agencies charged with seed and the seed industry stakeholders to assure quality products.

46. The rationale for the seed quality assurance system includes ► Ensure that the best quality seeds are produced and sold to farmers ► Prevent the spread of weeds, pests and diseases ► Meet consumer demands for specified qualities ► Cater for the need of specialized farming ► Comply with mechanization of agriculture ► Provide basis for healthy competition among seed traders

47. •What is seed quality? – What do we want from our seeds?

48. What is seed quality? ► Genetic Purity ► Physical Purity ► Physiological conditions ► Seed Health Status

49. What do we want from our seeds? Uniform, successful establishment

50. What we do not want to see? Weedy crops