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Module 1 : Coordinating Groupwork An introduction to workflows

Module 1 : Coordinating Groupwork An introduction to workflows. SOCIOLOGY. Macro. Social Scale. Meso. Micro. ORGANISATION. GROUP. COMMUNITY. PSYCHOLOGY. Social Scales: Locate on the graph the following groupware examples Shared Editor Calendar vs Events Agenda

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Module 1 : Coordinating Groupwork An introduction to workflows

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  1. Module 1 : Coordinating Groupwork An introduction to workflows

  2. SOCIOLOGY Macro Social Scale Meso Micro ORGANISATION GROUP COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY

  3. Social Scales: • Locate on the graph the • following groupware examples • Shared Editor • Calendar vs • Events Agenda • Argumentation Tool vs • Discussion Forum • Shared repository vs • Documents manager • Billing system • … • Intranet ? EPFL CRAFT Swiss Academic

  4. This Course Focus ORGANISATION GROUP COMMUNITY

  5. Today’s Focus • ORGANISATION LEVEL • Process Managment • Time Management • Project Managment • Knowledge Managment • Customer Relationship Mgt • Facilities Management • Help Desk Support System • … ( Intranet) Course Focus GROUP COMMUNITY

  6. KOWLEDGE ACTORS ACTIVITIES RESOURCES

  7. KNOWLEDGE MANAGMENT SYSTEMS PROCESS MANAGMENT SYSTEMS (workflows)

  8. Can the task be formalized ? • Booking a flight • Booking a flat for holidays • Processing accident form • Negotiation project objectives • … • Coordination = Managing interdependence • Pre-requisite • Shared resources • Simultaneity • … A workflow application • automates the sequence of actions activities or tasks used to run formal process • includes tools for managing the process itself • manages the coordination among actors, subtasks and resources

  9. Van der Aalst & van Hee, 2002

  10. Modelling Lemanic.sa • When a client fills a web order, • the order is verified by the customer unit. If the client has a bad record, he is notified that his order will not be processed until his account is ok. The order is deleted. • If the product is a fresh product, the order is sent to the ‘store-A’ department otherwise it is sent to the ‘store-B’ department. • If the order is above 100 000 CHF, the order is sent to the ‘HighCustomers’ unit. This unit re-contact the customer to negotiate prices and conditions • The store or unit checks the availability of the product. • If the product is not available, the client is notified about delays and asked to confirm is his order despite new delays. • If the product available, the store checks the availability of delivery truck. It notifies the customer about delivery date. • Delivery • Deliveries from store-A have priority over store-B with respect to trucks availability. • Delivery from the ‘high customer offices’ are negotiated by the CEO. • Billing • The bill is sent to the customer with the delivery date and his account is update • The bill is used to update stock values of the product • The bill is stored in the financial system

  11. Task-subtask dependencies (goal decomposition) • Flow dependencies • Prerequisite dependency: X is done  Y may start • sequencing + notification (PERT charts, critical path, …) • Inventory dependency (not too late, not too early, just in time) • Accessibility: X is done  transportation to Y • Usability: X is done  Y can use it ( ask Y, standardization, …) • Shared resources dependencies • First-come-served, allocation mechanisms, market models, … • Transaction cost theory: hierarchy > than market ? • Simultaneity constraints: Y and Y read/write the same values (locking mechanisms) • Customer relation and shared reputation dependencies • … Coordination « theory » Malone & Crowston

  12. Van der Aalst & van Hee, 2002

  13. Van der Aalst & van Hee, 2002

  14. Van der Aalst & van Hee, 2002

  15. Workflow environments & providers Van der Aalst & van Hee, 2002

  16. Example: Ultimus Workflow

  17. Example: jawe.objectweb.org/

  18. Example: INCODEA

  19. Yi Wang

  20. e.g. completion time, staff utilisation, … e.g. outsourcing Worklist handler Van der Aalst & van Hee, 2002

  21. Basic workflow patterns graph Yi Wang

  22. Basic workflow patterns graph Yi Wang

  23. WFMC: WorkFlow Management Coalition • UML • Workflow reference model • WAPI = workflow APIs • XPDL = XML Process Definition Language

  24. 2 approaches toCSCW Formalizing and automating the collaborative process • Locate on the graph the • following groupware examples • Agenda • Chat • Workflow • e-mail • Media Spaces • … Supporting informal collaboration

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