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Mobile Traffic Sensor Network versus Motion-MIX: Tracing and Protecting Mobile Wireless Nodes

Mobile Traffic Sensor Network versus Motion-MIX: Tracing and Protecting Mobile Wireless Nodes. JieJun Kong Dapeng Wu Xiaoyan Hong and Mario Gerla. Outline. Background. Mobility anonymity attacks. Countermeasure ( Motion-MIX). Asymptotic network security model.

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Mobile Traffic Sensor Network versus Motion-MIX: Tracing and Protecting Mobile Wireless Nodes

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  1. Mobile Traffic Sensor Network versus Motion-MIX:Tracing and Protecting Mobile Wireless Nodes JieJun Kong Dapeng Wu Xiaoyan Hong and Mario Gerla

  2. Outline • Background. • Mobility anonymity attacks. • Countermeasure ( Motion-MIX). • Asymptotic network security model. • Security analysis of motion-MIX.

  3. Mobile Traffic Sensor Network • Recent advances in manufacturing technologies have enabled the physical realization of small, light-weight, low-power, and low-cost micro air vehicles.

  4. Concept of Mobile Anonymity • In fixed networks • anonymity: identity and location are synonyms • In mobile networks • anonymity: identity and location are not synonyms. • motion pattern is also a security concern. • venue: the smallest area to which the adversary can “pinpoint” the node only via the node’s communication.

  5. Mobile Anonymity Attacks • Motion pattern attack by mobile traffic analysis If the adversary moves faster than the victim, it can always trace it’s motion pattern.

  6. Mobile Anonymity Attacks • Venue privacy attack (VPA) • (VPA-a): enumerates the set of currently active nodes. • (VPA-b): computes related metrics such as the size of the set. • (VPA-c): performs traffic analysis against a venue. (How many and what kind of connections in-and-out the venue).

  7. Design Assumption • Adversary model • Capable of scanning the entire network area in short time. • Honest-but-curious. • Polynomially-bounded cryptanalyst who cannot invert one-way functions or differentiate cryptographically strong pseudorandom bits from truly random bits with non-negligible probability. • Network model • Pairwise key sharing.

  8. Motion-MIX • K incoming mobile nodes or wireless packet flows get fully mixed in the Motion-MIX. • K-anonymity: the adversary cannot differentiate these k nodes.

  9. In motion-MIX, any mobile node inside a motion-MIX venue should send out decoy traffic to ensure k-anonymity. The above algorithm running on mobile nodes can ensure that there are approximate k wireless transmission in its one-hop neighborhood during the unit time interval.

  10. Adversary’s capability decides the inner circle. • The roaming nodes decide the outer ring.

  11. Content Analysis • A mobile node should be indistinguishable from other nodes in the same motion-MIX venue from the adversary’s view. • A mobile node’s traffic should be indistinguishable from another’s in the same motion-MIX venue from the adversary’s view.

  12. Necessary Conditions • Identity-free routing Every mobile node does not reveal its own identity to other nodes. • One-time packet content E.g., for 100 packets, the 2 extreme cases (1 sender to 1 recipient & 100 different senders to 100 different recipients) and all cases in-between are equally probable. • Avoid being captured the mobile node’s radio signature.

  13. Negligible function Definition: A function u: N→R is negligible, if for every positive integer c and all sufficiently large n’s (i.e., there exists Nc>0, for all n>Nc), In cryptography, the longer the key length is, the more asymptotically secure a cryptosystem is. In our analysis, the larger the network scale is, the more asymptotically secure the network is.

  14. Underlying Mobile Networking Model The spatial distribution of a node is expressed as For random waypoint (RWP) mobility model in a square network area of size a×a.

  15. Underlying Mobile Networking Model If there are N nodes in the network and each of them roams independently and identically. Random presence of mobile nodes is modeled by a spatial Poisson point process. Uniform Non-uniform

  16. Security Guarantee of Motion-MIX Theorem 1: The security breach probability of motion-MIX, ( the probability that there are less than k uncompromised nodes in the venue quantified by Δ’), is negligible with respect to the network scale N.

  17. Security Guarantee of Motion-MIX Theorem 2: The security breach probability of node tracing, ( the probability that the adversary can trace an active transmitting mobile node v’s motion pattern without losing the target), is negligible with respect to N and |T|.

  18. Security Guarantee of Motion-MIX Publicity assumption : The adversary knows the entire identity set and the network area, it can estimate that the expected number of nodes in each venue is • Nodes in each venue transmit k = E(k') real/decoy packets in a fully distributed manner.

  19. Security Guarantee of Motion-MIX Theorem 3: In a wireless ad hoc network, a motion-MIX is min(k,E(kΔ’))-anonymous, where Δ’ is the size of the least enlarged venue defined on the venue size Δ.

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