Motivation

1. Motivation THE TIMES 100

2. Motivation is concerned with the desire to do something or achieve a particular result. Motivated employees result in: • Greater productivity • Better quality products or service • Lower staff turnover • Reduced absenteeism What is motivation?

3. Monetary methods of motivation

4. Monetary methods of motivation

5. Non-monetary methods of motivation

6. Non-monetary methods of motivation

7. It is useful to know 2 or 3 motivational theories from the following list: • Maslow’s hierarchy of needs • Taylor’s theory of scientific management • Mayo’s theory of human relations • Herzberg’s two-factor theory Motivational theorists

8. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs • The hierarchy starts with our basic physiological needs for survival. • As each need is met, the next need up the hierarchy becomes the motivator. • Workplaces can meet these needs e.g. pay provides the means to satisfy basic needs whereas training can provide for self-actualisation. • One criticism of Maslow’s hierarchy is that workers may not seek to have all their needs met in the workplace. Maslow

9. Mayo’s Theory of Human Relations • Mayo’s experiments showed that: • Teamwork is an important motivator. • Managers should take an interest in their workers • He suggested that physical conditions and pay matter less than social interaction when motivating employees Mayo

10. Herzberg’s Two-factor Theory • Motivators are factors that can motivate workers by providing job satisfaction. • Motivators are concerned with the job itself and include achievement, recognition and the responsibility • Hygiene factors are external to the job itself and can only cause dissatisfaction if not fulfilled. • Hygiene factors include company policy, supervision, pay and working conditions. Herzberg

11. Taylor’s Theory of Scientific Management • Taylor suggested that workers are only motivated by pay. • Scientific management states that the most efficient way to carry out a task should be identified and then carried out – giving rise to production assembly lines. • Taylor supported close supervision and pay schemes that reward those that produce more. Taylor

12. Motivation in context

13. What benefits of having motivated employees has Enterprise recognised? Use the case study to help you Benefits of motivation

14. Enterprise has highlighted the differences between workers who are engaged and those that are not motivated. This allows managers to identify workers who are not engaged and take immediate action. What are the signs of disengagement? Use the case study to help you Barriers to motivation

15. Although Taylor suggested that workers are only motivated by money, what are the eight non-financial factors that Enterprise has found motivate staff? Use the Enterprise case study to help you Non-financial motivation at Enterprise Rent-A-Car

16. Use the case study to find examples of where Enterprise ensures that both Herzberg’s hygiene factors and motivators are fulfilled. Enterprise and Herzberg

17. Motivation lesson suggestions and activities (The Times 100) • Enterprise case study (The Times 100) • Enterprise website Useful resources