Healthy Urban Planning: in-road to local health development WHO Healthy Cities

1. Geoff Green Elisabeth Bengtsson Agis Tsouros Healthy Urban Planning: in-road to local health developmentWHO Healthy Cities

2. Challenges in Cities Growing health concerns in cities include • Poverty and social exclusion • Violence and Safety • Pollution of air, water and land • Substandard housing and unhealthy planning • Poor employment conditions • Stress and Sedentary lifestyles • Poor quality food • The unmet needs of vulnerable groups • Lack of public involvement in decisions • Growing inequalities

3. How does Urban Planning affect health? L o c a l H o s p i t a l ?

4. How does Urban Planning affect health? WHO Collaborating Centre for Healthy Cities and Urban Policy

5. Stress & mental health Scrofula Obesity Cholera Asthma Typhoid Dysentery Heart disease 1853 2003 Healthy Urban Planning in ManchesterA century ago towing planning and public health were working closely together but then they went their separate ways “Traffic will be to 21st century public health what sewage was to 19th century public health” WHO Collaborating Centre for Healthy Cities and Urban Policy

6. The health map

7. How does Urban Planning affect health?

8. www.sponpress.com

10. Healthy Urban Planning Key Principles: • Equity • Intersectoral cooperation • Community involvement • Sustainability • International action

11. Types of tools • Conceptual development • Political • Strategic • Technical

12. Healthy Urban Planning The twelve key health objectives Barton & Tsourou 2000

13. 4 elements of actionfor health and sustainable development at city level Political Commitment to the values and principles of health and sustainable development; equity and solidarity Articulate a long term vision for your city based on these qualities Systematic action to tackle the social and environmental determinants of health including Integrating health considerations Into urban planning and design Institutional processes to support partnership-based work and participative governance Local, national and international cooperation and networking

14. WHO Working with European cities: Themes and Tools • Healthy Ageing • Health Impact Assessment • Healthy Urban Planning • Physical Activity and Active Living • City Health Profiles • City Health Development Plans

15. Healthy Urban Planning Priorities • Transport and mobility • Healthy Ageing • Neighbourhoods • Physical Activity • Strategic and Master Plans • Cross-cutting links Health Impact Assessment • Tools-commitment-innovation • awareness-capacity-applications-mainstreaming

16. How to increase physical activity in an urban environment • Transport • Cycling : Cycle paths, Cycle parks • Walking • Pedestrian areas • Walking buses • Safety of walking • Leisure time facilities • Parks • Open schools • Public or subsidised sport facilities • Safety of playgrounds • Building design • Stairs • Urban design • Positioning of services in walking distance • Traffic restrictions on weekends

17. “Obesity: an epidemic without treatment” Urban Design can make a huge difference in supporting physical activity

18. Handy PPT Bursa, Turkey

19. Open space, Health and Urban planning • Physical exercise & recreation • Social and cultural aspects – community & relationships • Psychological effects • Wildlife in cities • Organic urban food production • Air quality and noise • Water management

20. Neighbourhoods • What does the neighbourhood mean? • Community decision making • Housing – social inclusion and diversity • Access to jobs, shopping, education and health facilities • Planning for movement • Public spaces and open space

21. Walking and Cycling • City wide level – policies to promote walking and cycling as part of a wider transport strategy • Neighbourhood level – a mix of uses and maximum opportunity to walk or cycle • Assessing a project – a checklist addressing localised issues of movement and accessibility

23. http://www.euro.who.int/healthy-cities/