Geography of Ancient Greece

1. Geography of Ancient Greece archipelago • A(n)___________________ is a chain of islands. • A ________________ is surrounded by water on three sides. • Two reasons why mountains had a negative impact on the people of Greece: • The sea was useful to ancient Greeks for two reasons: peninsula Separate city-states, travel was difficult; bad for farming Provided fish, allowed for trade, expert sea travelers/navy

2. Four Types of Government: Oligarchy Tyranny Monarchy Democracy • Government run by the people. • Government run by a small group, usually wealthy men. • Government run by king or queen. • Government run by one leader who took power from others, and takes advantage of the people in order to maintain power. Democracy Oligarchy Monarchy Tyranny

3. Democracy Athens: Type of Government ____________________________ Male, with both parents born in Athens • Requirements to be a citizen in Athens: • What was the difference between a male citizen and a male metic? • Describe a woman’s role in Athens: • How is the democracy of Athens different from our own government (at least two reasons)? • How did education differ between Athens and Sparta? Citizen can vote and participate in government. Metic can influence Take care of home and kids; can’t participate in gov’t or go out alone Athens is a direct democracy with no leader. Citizens vote on every issue. US has a leader, and representatives that are elected to vote on most issues. Athens taught reading, writing, history, etc. Sparta focused on physical strength.

4. Sparta: • Role of Men: • Describe Training: • One difference between a woman’s role in Athens and Sparta: • One word to describe Sparta: ____________ Train for military, be a strong warrior for Sparta Began at age 7; lived away from home without comforts…this made them tougher! Spartan women can go out alone. Athenian women need a male to escort them. Spartan women train to be strong. Athenian women take care of the kids and home. Warlike; powerful

5. Persian Wars: Persia • Began after ___________ attacked ______ colonies. • Battle at Marathon: Greeks _____________ but win because they had a _________ strategy. • The Greeks lose battle of Thermopylae because ____________________________. • The Greeks let the Persians burn and destroy _____________ because they prefer to fight at ________. • The Greeks eventually ________ the Persians and Athens forms the __________________. Greek outnumbered better A Greek traitor helps the Persians. Athens sea defeat Delian League

6. The Delian League: • Why was the Delian League a good idea? • How did the Delian League lead to the Peloponnesian Wars? It joined many city-states together. They are stronger together than on their own. Athens began to act very powerful towards the other city-states in the DL, and Sparta feared that power and formed the Peloponnesian League.

7. Peloponnesian Wars Athens Sparta • _________________ vs. ________________ • Sparta forms the ______________________. • Athens ________________ cities that want to leave the Delian League. • The leader of Athens during this war is ____________. He knows that the best chance of winning is to fight at __________. • Athens becomes weak after suffering from the ______________. • _______________ really wins this war. Peloponnesian League attacks Pericles sea plague Nobody

8. Alexander the Great…true or false: • _____ Alexander was generous to his soldiers. • _____ Alexander tried to unite all people he conquered under his empire. • _____ Alexander admired the Persians. • _____ When he died, Alexander left his empire to his only son. • _____ Alexander was tutored by Aristotle. T T F F T

9. Religion: • How were Greek gods and goddess different from those in ancient Egypt? • Purpose of myths: • List three ways Greeks worshipped the Gods: Looked and acted like people Explain events from nature, or teach lessons about life - Reading and acting out myths, public ceremonies, animal sacrifice, worship at household shrine, Olympics and other athletic contests,