Dr Victoria Lavis S enior Lecturer in Psychology & Principal Investigator

1. How can the effectiveness of our diversity interventions be improved by the consideration of lived experience at an intersectional level? Dr Victoria Lavis Senior Lecturer in Psychology & Principal Investigator ESRC research study ‘Responding to diversity in three Yorkshire prisons: an Appreciative Inquiry’ MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

2. Prison Life MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

3. What is Intersectionality? Social Policies & Practices Viewpoint of the Oppressed Critiquing Language & associated Structures Socially Constructed Intersectional Personhood Call to Action Resistance & Negotiation Intersectionality (Crenshaw 1991 : 2011) Critical Race Theory Black Feminism MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

4. What is Intersectionality? Theory Paradigm Methodology ? Means of Analysis Identity Rights Only applies to people of colour? MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

5. Our Intersectional Standpoint Language Law Macro Construction of Diverse Minorities in Social & Relational Domains Social Construction of Categories “Social Fictions” Category Definition Policy Practices Procedure & Guidance Micro MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

6. Critical Question Community Groups Public Sector Education Private Business How can the effectiveness of our diversity interventions be improved by the consideration of lived experience at an intersectional level? Advocacy Groups Human Resources Criminal Justice Voluntary Sector Healthcare MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

7. Three Ideas on Intersectionality • 1.How recognising the existence of hierarchies of • credibility and marginalisation within diverse minorities • can help us to devise interventions and responses which • re-balance inequality. MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

8. 1. Hierarchy of Credibility & Marginalisation Majority v Minority Groups Positioned by place within the wider hierarchy Between Minority Groups MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

9. 1. Hierarchy of Credibility & Marginalisation Majority & Minority Groups ? * Does not include other protected groups ** NOMS Annual Offender Equalities Report (2013/2014) *** Christian 49% MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

10. 1. Hierarchy of Credibility & Marginalisation Prisoner Equality (PEG) Reps MACRO Minimise Marginalisation Offer Diverse Minorities a voice Influence & shape the system MICRO Offer practical support & guidance to other prisoner like them OUTCOMES Confer credibility of the minority within the hierarchy MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

11. Three Ideas on Intersectionality • 2.How enabling an understanding of the intersectional • nature of identity can promote the ability and awareness • of our organisations and people within those organisations to • actively “see” rather than ‘overlook’ difference MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

12. 2.Intersectional Nature of Identity Multiplicative Gender x Age x Sexuality, etc Not Additive Gender + Age +Sexuality, etc Gender Gender Class Class Ethnicity Ethnicity Age Sexuality Age Sexuality MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

13. 2.Intersectional Nature of Identity “Seeing” Diversity Heuristics Cognitive Short-cuts Influences Workplace Learning Institutional policy & ‘political’ sensitivity Social Experience & Social Learning Viewpoint/Lens Inaccurate Incomplete Unbalanced Conscious & Unconscious Bias About Diversity Groups Gender Ethnicity Age Faith Sexuality Other MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

14. 2.Intersectional Nature of Identity “Seeing” Prisoners Prison Staff Prisoner Male Hindu Asian Straight Sentence Crime Dyslexic Under 25 Depression Hidden Revealed MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

15. Three Ideas on Intersectionality • 3. How recognising and assisting people to overcome • their fear of accusations of bias or inequity can move • our responding from a focus on equality of input to enable • a focus on equality of outcome MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

16. 3.Equality of Output rather than Equality of Input Equality of Responsiveness Why doesn’t this happen? Fear of accusation of bias Because Equality is understood in terms Equality of INPUT Rather than Equality in terms of Equality of OUTPUT MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

17. Intersectionality in Prisons Prison Service Mission Safe, Secure & Decent Custody Reduce Risk of Re-Offending Interventions Quality of Prison Life Healthy Prisons Education & Skills Reducing Re-Offending Delivery & Outcomes all depend on how we see Prisoners Singular v Intersectional Secure Safe Custody MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis

18. Three ‘Appreciatively Framed’ Questions • 1.How might hierarchies of credibility and influence in terms of • diversity be effecting the empowerment/disempowerment of • certain groups within your organisation? • 2.How could the concept of Intersectionality be used to enable • people to “see diversity” more clearly? • 3.How could adopting an Intersectional viewpoint be used to • enhance research insight and Interventions that lead to change? • Your Question for me MDIC 2015 Dr Victoria Lavis