Better Alternatives Through TRIZ (TREZ)

1. Better Alternatives Through TRIZ (TREZ) byJimWixson CVS, CMfgEAdvisory Engineer

2. Introduction TRIZ Methodology and its innovation software-based system are tools which can: • Improve inventive skills • Improve the development of alternatives for trade-studies. • Lead to better designs and solutions to complex problems.

3. Patterns of Invention Genrich Saulovich AltshullerFather of TRIZ15 October 1926 - 24 September 1998

4. Patterns of Invention • Altshuller recognized that the same fundamental problem (contradiction) had been addressed by a number of inventions in different areas of technology • He also observed that the same fundamental solutions were used over and over again, often separated by many years • He reasoned that if the latter inventor had known of the earlier solution, his/her task would have been straightforward • He sought to extract, compile, and organize this information

5. Patterns of Invention • Removing stems from bell peppers • Removing shells from sunflower seeds • Cleaning filters • Unpacking parts wrapped in protective paper • Splitting diamonds along micro-cracks • Producing sugar powder from sugar crystals

6. 1 Many Typical Recommendations for Solutions (Knowledge base) Many Typical Problems Corresponding Solutions 2 • A large number of typical problems are available for consideration • TRIZ helps narrow the search to a manageable range of typical problems • For each typical problem, there are one or more potential solutions 1 3 2 4 Prism of TRIZ - Analytical tools 3 5 4 6 5 7 6 8 7 9 8 9 My Problem n n My Solution How Ideation/TRIZ Works

7. What is TRIZ? • Russian Acronym for the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving • Systematic, Structured Way of Thinking • Science • Results of Over 50 Years Research Analyzing Over Two Million Worldwide Patents within All Engineering Disciplines

8. Why TRIZ was created: • To provide a systematicstep-by-step procedure • To guide an inventor through the solution space and direct him or her to the area with the best (most ideal) solutions • To provide an inventor with reliableand repeatableresults that do not depend on personal (psychological) issues • To provide a means to access proven knowledge(patent information) • To accumulate knowledge of the human innovation experience

9. Re-Structuring of Theoretical Base Advanced Tools 3 Ideation/TRIZ Era Advanced Software Tools Non-Technological Applications 2 Methodology Advancement 3 AFD Kishinev Era ARIZ-85 Directed Evolution 4 3 40 Principles Classical TRIZ Era 1 Patterns of Evolution 2 1946 1982 1985 1992 1997 2002 Evolution of the TRIZ Methodology

10. “Osborn’s Direction” Decreasing of psychological inertia, activation of human motivation, organization of effective teamwork Ideation/TRIZ Methodology Combination of all effective approaches to creative problem solving and control of technological evolution “Altshuller’s Direction” Utilization of patterns of evolution and methods of generating ideas based on these patterns “Miles’ Direction” Re-structuring of existing knowledge for effective application of the creative process Evolution of Creative Methods

11. Morphology Method Psychology-Based Methods Kishinev School Development Classical TRIZ Value Engineering Brainstorming Fish-bone Diagramming Accumulated knowledge documented in patents and other sources of technological information Ideation/TRIZ Methodology The Ideation/TRIZ Methodology:Roots and Components

12. IntegrationofIdeation/TRIZ Development of Human Resources QFD DFMA VA/VE Taguchi Methods FMEA & HAZOP Lateral Thinking Total Quality Management Theory of Constraints Brainstorming Other Techniques $ Value Business Process Improvement • Ideation/TRIZ • IPS • AFD • DE Re-Engineering Data Mining

13. Variants Variants Variants Concept 3 Variants Concept N-1 Concept 2 Psychological Inertia Vector Variants Concept N Concept 1 P roblem S olution How We Solve Creative Problems Using the Trial & Error Method

14. Mechanical Effects & Technology Thermo-Dynamics P roblem Chemical Effects & Technology Electrical & Magnetic Effects & Technology S olution The Solution Space

15. Patents * (worldwide) Key Findings 200,000 • Definition of inventive problem • Levels of invention • Patterns of evolution • Patterns of invention 40,000 Inventive Patents * Today over 2,000,000 patents have been investigated. TRIZ is Based on TechnologyRather than Psychology

16. Two Main Benefits • Enhancement of personal creative capabilities • Professionally apply numerous tools (including software tools) to obtain repetitive, reliablecreative results in everyday engineering procedures

17. What is an Inventive Problem? • Involves one or more contradictions • Suggests no known means of solution

18. Levels of Solutions • Level 1: Apparent (no invention) • Established solutions; well-known and readily accessible • Level 2: Improvement • Small improvements of an existing system, usually with some compromise • Bifocal glasses, beeper • Level 3: Invention inside the paradigm • Essential improvement of an existing system • Automatic transmission, radio telephone • Level 4: Invention outside the paradigm • A concept for a new generation of an existing system, based on changing the principle of performing the primary function • Jet aircraft, integrated circuit • Level 5: Discovery • Pioneering of an essentially new system • Laser, radio, airplane

19. Innovation cycle time Net Profit Period Cash flow Tb Tf Tr Time Ts BET To TP Te To Opportunity occurs Tr Product is released to production TP Opportunity is perceived Ts First customers are satisfied Tb Project activity begins BET Break-even time Tf Product definition and plans freeze Te Project becomes extinct Importance of Innovation Cycle From Accelerated Innovation by Marvin Patterson

20. Innovation cycle time Operating Period Cash flow Tb’ Tb Tf Tr Time Ts M&O To TP Te Tf Project is released to construction To Opportunity occurs Ts Turn project over to customer TP Opportunity is perceived M&O Operation and Maintenance time Tb Systems Engineering begins Te Project becomes extinct (D&D) Tb’ Trade Studies Conducted Tf Product definition and plans freeze How this relates M&O Contracts From Accelerated Innovation by Marvin Patterson

21. Innovation • Not just one simple flash of creative invention or the development of a new product or process • It is a connected process which many and sufficient creative acts, from research through service, are coupled together, in an integrated manner, for a common goal Idea

22. Roadblocks to Innovation Historical Mindset Need for Instant Answers (Point Solutions) An Impatient World Resistance to Change Change is Threatening Poorly Defined Problem Or Objective ‘Not Invented Here’ Syndrome Habits Past Experiences Inability to Accept Risk Peer Influences Rejection of Past Ideas

23. When would TRIZ be used? • Clearly identify the problem(s) to be solved, and gather information on the background, functions and requirements of the product, process, or system. Information Phase • Brainstorm ideas on how to improve the broken, high cost, or inadequately performed key functions. Creativity Phase • Screen ideas for acceptance, score remaining ideas on a scale and group ideas into categories. Develop design scenarios, and selection criteria. Rate and rank ideas. Evaluation Phase • Plan how to sell ideas to management, identify key recommendations, plan management presentation. Planning Phase • Give oral presentation to management, or develop written report. Reporting Phase • Get management approval for go-ahead, make management plan, make assignments, implement, follow-up. Implementation Phase

24. Tapping Our Knowledge Is SOCIETY INDUSTRY IPT PERSONAL Knowable All That 1 2 3 4 5

25. (in the box) Decision Making Observations (Current State) Deviations (Problem) References (Goal / Ideal State) What is a Problem? • Things are not ideal -- dilemmas, questions, uncertainty, doubt • A deviation from a (perceived) goal Problems create high uncertainty

26. Space Impossibility Impossible We Know something is impossible only through a certain interpretation or belief system. Possible Time Possible Impossible Thinking Outside the Box:Creating Breakthroughs Event Belief System

27. Roadblocks to Problem Solving • Not having crystal clear vision • Not having the required capabilities and tools • Not having the drive/commitment to execute the plan toward the vision • Constraints, conflicts, contradictions, paradoxes • Regulatory Requirements • Customer Desires • Technology trends • Funding Availability -- Internal and external • Organizational behavior -- Internal and external • Organizational passive support • Relationship behavior… not clear on expectations • Processes • Compensation

28. Problem Solving & The Mind We feel the solution is good enough (Point Solution) Problem Creates Necessity We are faced with a new problem We decide the problem is impossible De-Activation Activation

29. What is a Solution? Answer Discovery Resolution Conclusion (we’ve reached the ideal state) End result winning strategies Uncertainty, doubt confidence -- the winner’s edge Ideation/TRIZ provides tools to enable the visualization of solutions in a predictable manner

30. 4 5 6 3 System Characteristic 2 1 Time System Evolution Stage 1 - a system does not yet exist but important conditions for emergence are being developed Stage 2 - a new system appears due to a high-level invention and begins slow development Stage 3 - begins when society recognizes the value of the new system Stage 4 - begins when the resources of the system’s original concept is mostly exhausted Stage 5 - begins when a new system or next system generation emerges to replace the existing one Stage 6 - begins if the existing system is not completely replaced by the new one as the existing system still has a limited area of application

31. The Challenge Probability of Problem Resolution Time and Resources Needed 1 2 3 4 5 Discovery Standard Problem

32. 1946 - 1985 Classical TRIZ Ideal System System Approach Paradox/ Contradiction • Increased performance • Get rid of system’s • harmful effects • Gains received without • compromise or tradeoff • All mankind knowledge • Past, present & future Basic Tools • ARIZ • Su-Field • 76 Standard Solutions • 40 Principles • 4 Separation Principles • Effects:(phys, chem,geo) • 8 Patterns • Examples of Innovation

33. 1982 - Present Ideation TRIZ Methodology Analytical Tools Knowledge-Based Tools Advanced ARIZ 76 Standard Solutions System of Operators 4 Separation Principles Su-Field 40 Principles Innovation Situation Questionnaire Problem Formulator Additional Operators Effects:(Phys,chem,geo,etc.) 8 Patterns of Evolution Examples of Innovation TRIZ SoftTM IWB Formulator ELIMINATOR IMPROVER Certification IDEATOR AFD

34. Re-Activation With Ideation/TRIZ Solution is good enough Ideality Confidence Knowledge-Base Reformulation Ask Why? Problem Creates Necessity We are faced with a new problem We decide the problem is impossible Activation

35. Considered Solutions An Exhaustive Set of Possible Concepts of Solution Number of Solutions for Reliable Choice Confident Decision Point Forced Decision Point Dead Time Time Start Time Why is the Ideation Process Different?

36. Key Findings Definition of the Inventive Problem Levels of Inventions Patterns of Inventions Patterns of Evolution Advanced Analytical Tools Innovation Situation Questionnaire (ISQ) Problem Formulator Algorithm for Inventive Problem-Solving (ARIZ) Substance-Field Analysis (Su-Field) Main Ideation / TRIZ Methodology Applications Inventive Problem Solving (IPS) Anticipatory Failure Determination (AFD) Directed Evolution (DE) Main Premises Ideality Contradictions System Approach Advanced Knowledge-Based Tools Pattern/Lines of Evolution 40 Innovation Principles & Contradiction Table Separation Principles 76 Standard Solutions Effects System of Operators Selected Innovation Examples Summary Of The Ideation / TRIZ Methodology

37. Basic Premise Whatever it was that got you where you are today, is not sufficient to keep you there. Identify & Meet the Challenge What is it, that is impossible to do today, that if it were possible, would drive the competition to zero. Joel Barker, Futurist

38. Implementation - First Steps • Assess enterprise’s situation and Ideation capabilities • Define mismatches between vision and results • Identify opportunities for applying Inventive Engineering • Select and resolve 3-4 high-profile problems that can be implemented quickly • Initiate institutionalization • Communicate Successes • Identify integration opportunities • Plan education of key employees • Develop internal experts