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Biofuels and Sustainable Development: a Brazilian Perspective

Biofuels and Sustainable Development: a Brazilian Perspective. Intergroup on Sustainable Development European Parliament Brussels, 27 March 2007 Marco Tulio S. Cabral. 1 – Introduction 2 – Ethanol 3 – Biodiesel 4 – Final remarks. 1 – Introduction Brazilian territory: 851 Mha

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Biofuels and Sustainable Development: a Brazilian Perspective

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  1. Biofuels and Sustainable Development: a Brazilian Perspective Intergroup on Sustainable Development European Parliament Brussels, 27 March 2007 Marco Tulio S. Cabral

  2. 1 – Introduction 2 – Ethanol 3 – Biodiesel 4 – Final remarks

  3. 1 – Introduction • Brazilian territory: 851 Mha • Pasture areas: 220 Mha • Cultivated agricultural land: 69 Mha • Potential for agricultural expansion 100 Mha (excluding the Amazon, Atlantic Forest, Pantanal and other preservation areas) • Growth in grains production 1990-2006: 109% • Growth in cultivated agricultural land 1990-2006: 24% “AmazoniaLegal” Source: INPE

  4. Amazonforest Pantanal (wetlands) Sugar-cane plantations • 2 – Ethanol • Sugar-cane plantations: 5.7Mha - 0,67% of the Brazilian territory (50% ethanol, 50% sugar) • Growth in sugar-cane productivity 1977-2001: 47% • Water: virtually no irrigation • Carbon balance: 80-90% • Avoided emissions: 33 Mt CO2/y • Fuel substitution: 40% of all gasoline • Power generation: 3GW in near future • Formal direct jobs: 500.000 Atlantic Forest ApudCOELHO, S. 2005

  5. Ethanol production 2006/07: 17.8 Mm3 • Ethanol exports 2005: 2.6 Mm3 • Investments for 2010: US$ 10 billion • Additional ethanol production : 8 Mm3 • Additional planted area: 2 Mha • Expansion: mainly pasture and other agricultural areas • No evidence of spill-over of pasture areas to other regions High Medium Low Improper Potential for sugar cane production without irrigation – soil, climate and topography (protection areas excluded)

  6. 3 – Biodiesel • Targets: 2008 – 2% (0,8 million m³); 2013 – 5% (2,5 million m3) • Sources: soy (60%); castor (30%); palm;jatropha; sunflower; cotton; tallow • Main producers: Rio Grande do Sul, Bahia • Jobs: 29.000 small producers (NE) • Speculative scenario 2035: • 50 million m³, 20Mha (2,3% of territory) Source: Ministry of Mines and Energy 2006

  7. 4 – Final remarks • There are no simple solutions to the challenges posed by climate change and energy security • In Brazil, biofuels deliver significant emission reductions and contribute to energy security with limited (sometimes positive) local impacts • With increased productivity, significant growth in biofuels production can be achieved with limited expansion in cultivated area

  8. Thank you Marco Tulio S. Cabral Mission of Brazil to the European Communities E-mail: mcabral@braseuropa.be URL: www.braseuropa.be

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