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Books. The Permanent Medium. Ancient History. Clay Tablets 2,500 B.C. Papyrus Scrolls Egypt, Rome, Greece First Public Library Athens 540 B.C. Had 1 ½ million handwritten scrolls Burned in War by Romans Destroyed by 400 A.D. More History. Paper perfected by Chinese during Middle Ages
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Books The Permanent Medium
Ancient History • Clay Tablets 2,500 B.C. • Papyrus Scrolls Egypt, Rome, Greece • First Public Library Athens 540 B.C. • Had 1 ½ million handwritten scrolls • Burned in War by Romans • Destroyed by 400 A.D.
More History • Paper perfected by Chinese during Middle Ages • Johannes Gutenberg 1456 Moveable Type • Bible first printed in Latin 42 lines per page
EPS Appliedto U.S. • Elite stage up to 19th century • First Press at Harvard in 1638 by Mass Bay Colonists • The Whole Book of Psalmes/Bay Psalm Book • First Secular to have success was Ben Franklin Poor Richard’s Almanac in 1733 • Franklin 1744 first Novel Pamela by Samuel Richardson
More EPS • Thomas Payne 1776 Common Sense • 120,000 in 3 months • spelled out case for American Revolution
Popular • Rise of public education in the mid 1800s • US had highest literacy rate in the world • Industrial Revolution helped make book more affordable; rotary press • Popular novelists Edgar Allan Poe, Henry David Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson • Erastus Beadle mass produced dime novels
More Popular • Harriet Beecher Stowe 1852 • Uncle Tom’s Cabin • Herman Melville 1851 • Moby Dick • Mark Twain • authors become popular and have followings • Free public library system arrives
More Popular • As industry grows and topics expand, • censorship arrives • Anthony Comstock 1873 New York City • New York Society for the Suppression of Vice • made it illegal to send anything obscene through the mail • Banned books; burned books
Specialized • 1945 to present • You name it • Self-help • Science Fiction • Non-fiction In Cold Blood Truman Capote • Instant books—JFK assassination • Photo books • Mass market Paperbacks • Comic Books Late 1930s Action Comics/Superman
More Specialized • Mid 1980s to present • Largest number of sales—textbooks! • Audio books • E-books hand held electronic devices • Desktop Publishing What Color is Your Parachute? Richard Nelson Bolles • Conglomerates (see video) • Amazon.com