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Developing a Global Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System: From Commitment to Action

Developing a Global Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System: From Commitment to Action. EWC-III, Scientific and Technical Symposium Bonn, 28 March 2006 UNESCAP Thailand Trust Fund Briefing Bangkok, 28 March 2006. Patricio A. Bernal, Executive Secretary of IOC, ADG UNESCO

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Developing a Global Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System: From Commitment to Action

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  1. Developing a Global Tsunami Warningand Mitigation System:From Commitment to Action EWC-III, Scientific and Technical SymposiumBonn, 28 March 2006UNESCAP Thailand Trust Fund BriefingBangkok, 28 March 2006 Patricio A. Bernal, Executive Secretary of IOC, ADG UNESCO Laura Kong, Director, IOC ITIC rev Sri Lanka Training, 3-7 April 2006

  2. A Call to Action … 26 December 2004250,000 dead, 500,000 injured 1 million displaced $8 billion in damages “We cannot stop natural calamities, but we can and must better equip individuals and communities to withstand them.”UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan

  3. Plate Tectonics Active subducting plate boundaries

  4. IOC ICG/PTWS • 1965 - response to 1960 Pacific-wide Chile tsunami IOC established ICG/ITSU (now ICG/PTWS) Intergovernmental Coordination Group for the Pacific Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System • successful & operational Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System • PTWC - Operational HQ • ITIC - Oversee and monitor effectiveness, Facilitate to establish new systems, preparedness, outreach

  5. IOC ICG/PTWS 28 member States (2005): Australia, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Ecuador, El Salvador, Fiji, France, Guatemala, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Peru, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, Singapore, Thailand, United States, Samoa, Vietnam. • Successful Operational Tsunami Warning System > 40 yrs • Successful international scientific program • Pacific Basin monitoring of seismicity and sea levels • Direct humanitarian aim • Mitigate tsunami effects - save lives/property

  6. PTWC Global Seismic Network

  7. 26 December 2004 • 250,000 dead - Nations of the region act • IOC invited to lead TSUNAMI EWS establishment • UN/OCHA Project to ISDR started March 2005, $11m • core system implementation - IOC lead • integrated risk knowledge • public awareness and education • community level approaches • project coordination Myanmar - 100 16,000 8,000 Somalia - 430 80 11 countries ~250,000 deaths 1 million displaced 35,000 Kenya - 1 Seychelles - 3 200,000 Tanzania - 10 Maldives - 108

  8. IOC in UN partnership IOC Warning guidance Hazard assessment Mitigation ISDR WMO Communication (GTS) Multi-hazard Public awareness Preparedness

  9. IOC: Core system implementation • Governance • 2 intergovernmental coordination mtgs • Capacity building • Expert advisory missions • Startup training programme • Core system observational network • Interim advisory information service • Operational sea-level and seismic network for tsunami monitoring

  10. What is the System? The system must be: • Fully owned by Indian Ocean countries • Based on international and multilateral cooperation • Based on open and free data exchange • Protect all countries in Indian Ocean • Transparent and accountable to all countries

  11. How does it function? • Based on joint operation of international networks of detection connected with national tsunami warning centres • High-level commitment by country with UN governance provided under the IOC • Each nation is responsible for issuing warnings in their territory and for protecting its own population. • National centres must have strong links with emergency preparedness authorities (national, provincial and local)

  12. Indian Ocean Where are we now? • A single system planned All countries of the Indian Ocean participate • Interim Tsunami Advisory Information from centres in Hawaii and Tokyo. • Natl 7/24 Tsunami Focal Points in 26 nations • Governance - UN/IOC through ICG/IOTWS • Full scope of task recognized: multi-nation (28), multi-year (>3 to 10+ yrs) • Joint UN implementation: IOC, WMO, ISDR, UNDP, UN-ESCAP

  13. March & April 2005: Considering the devastating tsunami on Dec 26th 2004, two International Coordination meetings on the Development of an IO TWS took place in Paris and Mauritius

  14. Time schedule and milestones in 2005 Implementation Interim System IOC-JMA-PTWC 16 National Assessment Missions WMO/ISDR/IOC/ADRC/JMA/UNESCAP Sea level stations being deployed • March 3-8: UNESCO/IOC 1st Regional Technical Coordination Meeting, Paris • April 14-16: UNESCO/IOC 2nd Regional Coordination Meeting, Mauritius • June 21: IOC General Assembly, Paris: Formal establishment of ICG/IOTWS • August 3-5: ICG/IOTWS-I , Perth: focus on technical aspects • December 14-16: ICG/IOTWS-II, Hyderabad: recommendations & commitments

  15. Initial System for July 2006 • Based on Existing: • Network of 26 (of 29) National Information Centres [7/24] • Tsunami Focal Points [7/24] • Slowly evolving into a • Network of Tsunami Warning Centres in charge of • National Mitigation Plans (Assessment, Warning, Preparedness) • Need to develop Regional Instrumental Networks: • Improved Seismographic network (faster and more accurate detection of earthquakes through denser network, better real-time source characterization) • Real-time network of sea-level stations (faster detection of tsunamis through denser network)

  16. Operational Planned Core IOTWS Seismographic Network Agreed on Stations

  17. May-Sept, 2005: 16 missionsTo be scheduled, 2006: 6 missions Maldives, Djibouti,East Timor, Iran, South Africa, YemenNot requesting: Australia, France, India, Singapore, United Kingdom

  18. IOTWS: National Assessment and Plans

  19. Questionnaire sections 5 Tsunami Mitigation Categories: • Contact information • Authority and coordination • Warnings and tsunami monitoring • Warning response and Emergency Action / Preparedness • Hazard and risks • Community/Individual awareness and preparedness • Tsunami response to 28 march 2005 M8.5 earthquake off Sumatra, Indonesia • Overall enhancement of national capabilities to mitigate impact of hazards (WMO)

  20. Summary: Regional CB Needs • Assistance -harmonize existing practices / protocols Data collection, monitoring, evaluation, warning comm International standards and interoperability • Assistance toestablish real-time regional / local seismic and sea level networkswith real-time data acquisition, display, and analysis to support the monitoring / detection • Equipmentupgrade and capacity building in Global Telecommunication System(GTS) to NMS • Training and software fornumerical modeling Inundation maps, Evaluation of hazards / vulnerability

  21. Summary: Regional CB Needs • Educational modulesand training - multi-hazards Targeted various stakeholders, incl school curriculum • Equipment upgrades / capacity building utilization of satellite information - Multi-hazard EWS incl tsunami • Disseminate marine warnings • StrengthenGIS capabilitiesand applications to disaster management to aid in planning, emergency response, and post-disaster recovery • Electronic awarenessmaterials Adaptable for language, culture, local comm Tsunamis and other disasters

  22. The Challenge • We essentially know what is needed at the country level in 16 countries Work for rest of countries will be completed in 2006 (6 countries) • ICG is requesting a Comprehensive IOTWS Plan, including the Country level • Therefore, we need the development of the National Plans at the Country level.

  23. TSUNAMI Early Warning Overview • Hazard Risk Assessment • Warning Guidance • Mitigation - Preparedness Earthquake Tsunami National Government Local Government Tsunami Warning Center What is Tsunami? People Where is Evacuation Route? Mass Media International - Regional Framework National Warning System Public Awareness Cabinet Office Japan

  24. A perfect warning will be useless if people do not know what to do in case of an emergency Awareness and preparedness at the country level is essential

  25. ICG/IOTWS Working Groups WG 1: Seismic Measurements, Data Collection, and Exchange WG 2: Sea Level Data Collection and Exchanges, including Deep-Ocean Tsunami Detection WG 3: Risk assessment WG 4: Modeling, Forecasting and Scenario Development WG 5: Interoperable Advisory and Warning Centres WG 6 (proposed): Mitigation, Preparedness and Response, incl NGO

  26. WG 6: Mitigation, Preparedness and Response • MS ensuredevelopment / DM officials participate in ICG / WG, incl Red Cross/Red Crescent, NGOs, community groups, private sector • Develop overall strategy documentbased on initial ISDR initial draft – consistent withIOC core system implementation& WG TORs ISDRto continue towork with IOC & partners • National level, coordination with downstream stakeholders facilitated through DRR national platforms (Hyogo Framework 2005-2015) to ensure broader based ownership

  27. Mitigation, Preparedness and Response: Terms of Reference Focus national efforts for effective tsunami warning: • Promote,mainstream good practicesinto development planning / practice: policies / institutions, sectors, risk mitigation, recovery • Promote, supportengagement of NTWC / experts in national platformsfor DRR, all-hazard integration, DM • Provide ofguidelines, tools, best practices to DMsector: public information, education, training, communications, evacuation planning / drills, emergency mgmt • Communicate ICG WG resultsto development and DM communitiesand vice versa (needs to WG)

  28. :STAKEHOLDER COORDINATION

  29. June 21-30, 2005: the 23rd IOC General Assembly decided resolutions on the establishment of a global and three regional Intergovernmental Coordination Groups on TEWS (XXIII-12 to XXXIII-15) for -the Indian Ocean (ICG/IOTWS) - the Caribbean (ICG/CARTWS) - the NE Atlantic and Med (ICG/NEAMTWS)

  30. Three more regions to coordinate

  31. Intergovernmental Coordination Group meetings • 03-05 Aug 2005: ICG/IOTWS-I, Perth • 21-22 Nov 2005: ICG/NEAMTWS-I, Rome • 14-16 Dec 2005: ICG/IOTWS-II, Hyderabad • 10-12 Jan 2006: ICG/CARTWS-I, Barbados and to come: • May 2006: ICG/ITSU-XXI, Melbourne • May 2006: ICG/NEAMTWS-II, Nice • July/August 2006: ICG/IOTWS-III, Bali • Dec 2006: ICG/CARTWS-II, Venezuela

  32. Beyond immediate response: Multi-Hazard Platforms • Storm – surges (IOC, WMO, JCOMM) • Tropical storms (WMO, JCOMM) • Improving Storm and cyclones track forecasts (IOC, WMO, JCOMM) • Ice Hazard (IOC, WMO, JCOMM) • Oil Spills (IOC, WMO, UNEP)

  33. For further information see: http://ioc.unesco.org/indotsunami http://ioc3.unesco.org/neamtws http://ioc3.unesco.org/cartws http://ioc3.unesco.org/ptws International Tsunami Information Centre http://ioc3.unesco.org/itic

  34. IOC Executive Secretary: Dr. Patricio Bernal IOC Tsunami Unit: Dr. Uli Wolf Masahiro Yamamoto Bernardo Aliaga IOC ITIC / Tsunami Unit: Dr. Laura Kong PTWS Secretariat: l.kong@unesco.org www.tsunamiwave.info Chair, Vice-Chair: Chile, Canada IOTWS: ioc.unesco.org/indotsunami Secretariat: IOC Regional Office, Perth Chair: India Vice-Chairs: Indonesia, Mauritius

  35. IOC Activities – 2006 • Coordinated Implementation Plan - partners • ICG/IOTWS WGs (coordinate, facilitate, synergize across other regions) • Upgrade/install GLOSS and other sea level, seismic network - ongoing • TsunamiTeacher - May 2006 electronic, dynamic training modules + resources (Media, Education, Public/Private Sector) • Customizeable awarenessmaterials Adapt for language, culture, local community IOC-ADRC Educational Curricula - Thailand, April 2006

  36. IOC Activities –2006 Capacity Building / Training - Seismology – USGS, FDSN/IRIS GSN, AfricaArray Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Thailand, Pakistan, India, Maldives, East Africa /West IO - Numerical Modeling – Expert scientists, I - Sources / Propagation, May (Malaysia, Belgium) II - Inundation / Evacuation, Sept-Dec - TsunamiTeacher Workshops – up tp 8 countries, May - Tsunami Warning Operations and Emergency Response - Indonesia, Thailand, Mozambique, Mauritius, etc - RANET Communications - warning centre to local communities - May 2006 - Risk and vulnerability assessment - use of GIS tools ESRI - IOC, April, 2006

  37. ICG/PTWS - South China Sea • Synergies with ICG/IOTWS WGs • Interim Tsunami Advisory Information Service JMA NW Pacific Tsunami Advisory Center expands Close coordination with PTWC Start 1 April 2006 • IOC-Malaysia MOSTI, 27-28 April, Kuala Lumpur Roundtable Symposium on Earthquake and Tsunami Hazards and Risks • Pacific-wide Tsunami Drill, 16-17 May 2006 PTWC initiated 2 sources - Philippine (Pacific) and Chile UNDP to sponsor observers to Philippines

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