Use the information to identify gaps

1. Use the information to identify gaps Northern Madagascar

2. Prioritise gaps to be filled Kinabatangan River, Malaysia

3. Agree strategy and take action Valle des Baobabs: Madagascar

4. Increasingly these processes are expected to involve a wide range of stakeholders…

5. Filling the gaps • All gaps can’t be filled at once, so PRIORITIZE. • Prioritize based on threat, leverage, opportunity, irreplaceability, feasibility • Consider early wins to build momentum, enthusiasm for protected areas locally and nationally

6. Options for filling gaps • Create new protected areas • Expand boundaries of existing protected areas • Improve management of existing managed areas • Consider other conserved areas Elements of a gap analysis

7. Creating NEW protected areas • New federal lands – consider issues of compensation, land and water purchase/acquisition • Consider supporting creation of state and municipal reserves as part of national PA network (e.g. Bolivia) • Consider aligning with other socio-economic-cultural opportunities, e.g. ecosystem services, cultural sites, recreational sites • Use a variety of different management purposes (categories) and governance types to meet goals. Elements of a gap analysis

8. Other managed areas as seeds for protected areas • Forest Reserves (state, community, indigenous –owned) • Riparian or wetland protection policies • Fisheries regulations • Recreational areas • Other Conventions (e.g. Ramsar) Elements of a gap analysis

9. IUCN has a definition and six categories of protected areas, defined by their management objective • An area of land and/or sea especially dedicated to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, and managed through legal or other effective means

10. Need for restoration? • Restoration may be necessary to have functional sites that will meet conservation, protection goals • May be passive succession, designation of only partially degraded lands (e.g. shaded agriculture), or active restoration efforts • Important to identify best locales where restoration can be successful (e.g. with sources of plants, wildlife) Elements of a gap analysis

11. Consider Other Forms of Reserves and Governance • Promoting Private Reserves • Supporting Indigenous Managed Lands • Looking at co-management options Elements of a gap analysis

12. IUCN increasing sees protected areas being defined by both management objectives (category) and governance type

13. Improved management of existing protected areas • Improved management effectiveness to make paper parks functional. • Adjust and expand boundaries to capture biodiversity representation and ecological needs • Changes in governance and protected area category Elements of a gap analysis

14. The gap analysis should also at least consider well-managed land and water outside protected areas Bamburi quarry: Kenya

15. Thank you