The Shoulder Joint

1. The Shoulder Joint Anatomy and Physiology of Human Movement 420:050

2. The Shoulder Joint • Glenohumeral joint • Very mobile but unstable • Glenoid fossa • Some ligaments • Lax until extreme ROM • Labrum and rotator cuff • Relationship with shoulder girdle

3. Objectives • Bones, bony landmarks and joints • Muscles • Movements

5. The Shoulder Joint • Multiaxial ball and socket joint • Able to rotate freely in all three planes • Sagittal • Frontal • Transverse

7. Objectives • Bones, bony landmarks and joint • Muscles • Movements

8. Deltoid

9. Pectoralis Major

10. Coracobrachialis

11. Latissimus Dorsi

12. Teres Major

13. Rotator Cuff • Supraspinatus • Infraspinatus • Teres Minor • Subscapularis

14. Rotator Cuff • Small muscles • Critical for shoulder health • Dynamic stabilization • Especially important during overhead repetitious activities

15. Supraspinatus

16. Infraspinatus

17. Teres Minor

18. Subscapularis

19. Objectives • Bones, bony landmarks and joint • Muscles • Movements

20. Movements • Flexion • Movement of humerus straight anteriorly • Extension • Movement of humerus straight posteriorly

21. Movements • Abduction • Upward lateral movement of humerus out to the side, away from body • Adduction • Downward movement of humerus medially toward body from abduction

22. Movements • Horizontal adduction • Movement of humerus in a horizontal or transverse plane toward & across chest • Horizontal abduction • Movement of humerus in a horizontal or transverse plane away from chest

23. Movements • External rotation • Movement of humerus laterally around its long axis away from midline • Internal rotation • Movement of humerus medially around its long axis toward midline

24. Movements • Diagonal abduction • Movement of humerus in a diagonal plane away from midline of body • Diagonal adduction • Movement of humerus in a diagonal plane toward midline of body

25. LINE OF PULL

26. FLEXION • Superior movement of the humerus in the sagittal plane

27. Coracobrachialis

28. FLEXION

29. FLEXION • Anterior deltoid • Pectoralis major (upper fibers) • Coracobrachialis

30. EXTENSION • Inferior movement of the humerus in the sagittal plane

32. Coracobrachialis

33. EXTENSION

34. EXTENSION • Exception  Pectoralis Major Lower Fibers • Effective extensor from hyperflexed position

35. EXTENSION • Latissimus dorsi • Teres major • Deltoid (posterior) • Pectoralis major (lower fibers) • From hyperflexed position

36. ABDUCTION • Superolateral movement of the humerus in the frontal plane

37. ?

38. ABDUCTION

39. The location of the line of pull in relation to the joint center determines the movement in this case Hamilton, N. & Luttgens, K. (2007). Kinesiology: Scientific basis of human motion (11th ed.). McGraw-Hill: New York.

40. ABDUCTION • Deltoid (all three) • Pectoralis major (upper fibers) • Abducted > 90 degrees

41. ADDUCTION • Inferomedial movement of the humerus in the frontal plane

44. ADDUCTION

45. The location of the line of pull in relation to the joint center determines the movement in this case Hamilton, N. & Luttgens, K. (2007). Kinesiology: Scientific basis of human motion (11th ed.). McGraw-Hill: New York.

46. ADDUCTION • Latissimus dorsi • Teres major • Pectoralis major (lower fibers) • Pectoralis major (upper fibers) • Abducted < 90 degrees

47. HORIZONTAL ABDUCTION • Movement of the humerus away from the midline of the body in the transverse plane

49. HORIZONTAL ABDUCTION

50. HORIZONTAL ABDUCTION • Deltoid (posterior) • Latissimus dorsi • Teres major • Infraspinatus • Teres minor