NATO

1. NATO • North Atlantic Treaty Organization Secretary General: Anders Rogh Rasmussen

2. NATO: The Origin • Created in 1949 • Headquarters: Brussels, Belgium • 12 original members • Purpose: Military Defense for West Europe and North America • Cold War (1955-Warsaw Pact: Soviet Union and Eastern Europe satellite Countries) Red: Warsaw Pact Countries

3. NATO Reorganization 1 • 1991 Rome Conference • Focus on 3 Problems • Eastern Europe • The Balkans • The Middle East • 1994 NATO planes enforce “no-fly zone – first strike as “police force” • 1999 – Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic • joined • - Europe forces reduced by 2/3

4. NATO Reorganization 2 • November 2002 Conference • 3 New Issues: • Enlargement → added seven nations: Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia. • Build closer relations with Russia • New Rapid Reaction Corps. Headquaters • Updated Mission • No longer confined to Europe • Respond to terrorism globally 2002 NATO Conference

5. Military Force 3 Groups • Rapid Reaction Corp. • Main Defense Forces • Auxiliary Forces 90% Nuclear Weapons Reduction in Europe 2002 - 19 Members 2008 – 26 Members 2009 – 28 Members – Albania & Croatia

6. 2003 Beyond Europe • 2003 – Afghansitan • first mission beyond Europe – “peacekeeping mission” • Reflected new commitment → protection from terrorism/security threats • ISAF (International Security Assistance Force) involved NATO → helping w/ Afghan Transitional Authority • 2003 U.S.-British Invasion of Iraq • All but France/Germany supported it

7. Latvia Summit - Nov. 2006 • Focus = reduce restrictions on combat use → Afghanistan • France, Germany, Italy, Spain → troops for emergency situations → not for fighting in troubled areas • Serbia, Bosnia, and Montenegro = offered Partnerships for Peace • Step toward membership George Bush at the Latvia Summit

8. What is the Difference between NATO and the U.N.?