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Introduction to the National Public Health Language. David Bawden. NPHL: concept. single language suitable for indexing and retrieval of public health material applicable to: databases and websites bibliographic material and datasets ISO thesaurus format Multites software
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Introduction to the National Public Health Language David Bawden
NPHL: concept • single language suitable for indexing and retrieval of public health material • applicable to: • databases and websites • bibliographic material and datasets • ISO thesaurus format • Multites software • links and mappings to other languages
ISO thesaurus format • alphabetical list of terms • term relations • synonym: USE/USE FOR • hierarchy: BROADER / NARROWER TERM • association: RELATED TERM • term explanation, definition: SCOPE NOTE
NPHL: initial idea • integration of Public Health Information Thesaurus [HDA] PHITS classification [APHO] • the two significant UK public health languages
HAD thesaurus • HDA websites and databases • thesaurus format (SY, BT/NT, RT, SN) • 1400 terms, 400 synonyms • generally consistent, but • some errors • 25% of terms not in hierarchy • many (570) main sections
PHITS(Public Health Information Tagging System) • three-level hierarchical classification • 350 tags with descriptions • highly structured, with 7 main sections • no synonyms or related terms • highly consistent • topic coverage similar to HP
PHITS example Morbidity and mortality Endocrine diseases Other endocrine MAM
NPHL: extended idea • add links to Government Category List DoH taxonomy • broader scope languages, but both covering public health topics
Government Category List • for all UK government web-sites • ‘category list’, but in thesaurus format • very wide subject scope • 360 terms, 1200 synonyms • generally consistent • only partially relevant
DoH Taxonomy • top levels of DoH thesaurus • ISO thesaurus format • 19 main headings • many terms, but limited number relevant
NPHL objectives • retain all concepts in HDA and PHITS • retain general structure of PHITS • allow access by existing HDA and PHITS terms where possible • links to relevant DoH and GCL terms • thesaurus format (ISO standard) • Multites software
NPHL development (so far..) scoping study, interviews • creation of first draft version evaluation, RFC • creation of second draft version further evaluation, further comments • minor amendments • Multites implementation
NPHL: first draft version • PHITS tags put into thesaurus form • HDA and PHITS terms put into single language, but kept as separate terms linked by RTs • HDA errors and inconsistencies corrected • PHITS terms modified for clarity and to remove ambiguity • DoH and GCL terms mapped by RT
Evaluation of NPHL first draft • concept is proved • need to fully integrate the language • remove separate HDA/PHITS structures • create ‘tighter’ structure with fewer main sections • remove inconsistencies, which are concentrated in a few sections
NPHL: second draft version • residual HDA and PHITS structure removed • PHITS structure described in scope notes • integrated language with minimal inconsistencies • DoH and GCL terms still mapped by RTs
NPHL: second draft version • main sections reduced to 10 [possibility of decimal notation] • main sections (except [1]) map to either PHITS headings or DoH taxonomy terms • errors and ambiguities corrected • two sections reworked: • morbidity and mortality • healthcare professions
After evaluation.. • some further minor modifications to individual terms • online Multites implementation • 1571 terms, 340 synonyms
Example NPHL term COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE SN Treatments used alongside orthodox medical treatment UF Complementary treatments BT HEALTH SERVICES NT HOMEOPATHY CHIROPRACTIC RT MEDICINE
NPHL main sections 1 HEALTH, PUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2 ROOT CAUSES OF ILL HEALTH 3 DEATH, DISEASE AND DISABILITY 4 PEOPLE AND POPULATIONS 5 SETTINGS AND PLACES 6 HEALTH SERVICES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT 7 PUBLIC HEALTH METHODS AND RESEARCH 8 COMMUNICATION AND KNOWLEDGE 9 TIME FACTORS 10 EQUIPMENT
NPHL can be found at.. http://www.nphl.nhs.uk OR http://www.multites.com follow link ‘web thesaurus’ NPHL is listed as: ‘National Public Health Language’
NPHL: a work in progress • revision of high-level structure • better names for main sections • re-ordering of sections • revision of disease sections • better placement for methodology, equipment … • etc.
NPHL: future prospects • taxonomy drawn from top terms • classification notation ? • integration with revised GCL • integration with MeSH, Snomed ..
Thanks to... • Claira Bannon • Marta Calonge Contreras • Peter Cornelissen • Phil Defriez • Stella Dextre Clarke • Julian Flowers • Astero Kanaris • Geoff Powell