The History of Jazz Music in New Orleans

1. The History of Jazz Music in New Orleans History of Louisiana Dr. Michael Mizell-Nelson 12/07/08

2. History of Jazz Music Jazz music was born around 1895 in New Orleans It was a mixture of different types of music, that influenced the local people and most often people who visited the city Most of the famous musicians were African- American and or Creole people Jazz was different from all the other styles because of the use of improvisation Most of the jazz bands in the earlier part of the century were brass bands , which included a trumpet, drums, piano, trombone and a vocalist

3. Jazz in New Orleans Some people claims that jazz music is a product of New Orleans� melting pot The streets of New Orleans were filled with blues music, ragtime and the native brass-bands The music reached as far west as California and as far north as Chicago Unofficially, the first brass band that was formed was in 1897, Jack � Papa� Laine�s Reliance Brass Band Most of all the jazz music that took place in New Orleans was in an area called � Storyville �, located in present-day Magazine St.

4. Jazz Music Abroad In 1917 an Italian-American man named Nick LaRocca, who lived in New York, try to interpret jazz music at his home A former member of Jack�s Brass Band For some people it was the first time they have heard this type of music in areas, such as New York, Chicago, and Missouri, at this time He was very successful which caused many others to move and to become musicians in other places besides the south

5. Dixieland Jass The term, � Jass�, was not referred to the type of the music, but its origin in New Orleans by the people on the West Coast Jazz music was inspiring everyone �to get up and move� around the south The term was first heard by Tom Brown�s Dixieland Jazz Band, located in the rural area of Mississippi In 1922, the New Orleans Rhythm Kings, tried to exploit other Jazz Bands because of its Italian members One of the great things about,� Dixieland Jass�, it produced the first recording of that type of music It lasted all the way until the mark of World War 1, because of the young kids going to war and been slaughtered

6. African-American Jazz Black musicians were not recorded because of its racial discrimination Mainly because they were jealous of black musician�s style, they aimed to hide their sound from the competition, not spread it all over the nation A man by the name of Buddy Bolden, a cornet player, was considered to be the first real jazz musician Other notable black jazz musicians were, Freddie Keppard, Bunk Johnson and Clarence Williams Although most of the black musicians were unknown by a widespread audience, they have influenced many jazz musicians then and now

7. Hot Jazz Bands The term, � Hot Jazz�, came from the African-American musicians that would play at incredible speeds and amazing improvisational musicians The first black jazz band was, � The Original Creole Band� in 1911 Because of fear of begin copied by white or Latin musicians, many of the Hot Jazz musicians were not recorded or limited to playing in Mom & Pop stores and basements

8. Freddie Keppard A Creole trumpeter, known for leading The Original Creole Band After Buddy Bolden�s death became the archetype of Hot Jazz

9. William Handy Was the first African-American songwriter He composed: Memphis Blues (1912), St. Louis Blues (1914), Beale Street Blues (1916), Loveless Love (1921), and Harlem Blues (1923) He is responsible for creating a new type of jazz music, Broadway jazz Born in present day Baton Rouge, but relocated to Memphis

10. Buddy Bolden An New Orleans native He became legendary because of his arrangements (brass instruments playing the blues) Creator of the � downtown style� of the Creoles Some of his song were: Making me a Pallet on the Floor, The House Got Ready, Bucket�s got a Hole in it, and Buddy Bolden�s Blues Was later put into a mental hospital before he could record anything He died in 1931

11. Edward �Kid� Ory An New Orleans native, but learned to play the trombone in Los Angeles Is credit for recording the very first instrumental by a black orchestra in 1919 Later, in 1925, moved to Chicago to play with Louis Amstrong

12. Louis � Satchmo� Armstrong He is the famous jazz musician in the world Known for his huge cheeks when he played He left New Orleans to go and join King Oliver�s band His trumpet solo�s are still to this day legendary, (Gut Bucket Blues, Cornet Chop Suey) His improvisation with his � scat� was known all the way in London He had and still has the most influential music from the earlier jazz era

13. Ferdinand � Jelly Roll Morton� LaMothe The first major jazz pianist and composer He blended blues and ragtime styles Jelly Roll had the first published piece of jazz music Was able to play hot jazz style on a piano instead of an brass instrument Often called a strider pianist because of his up-tempo music

14. Henry � Red� Allen Known for the trumpet revolution after Armstrong An New Orleans native who moved to New York in 1929 Also known as the � Creative phrasing� of jazz music Cut several songs: Biff�ly Blues (July 1929), Feeling Drowsy (July 1929), and It Should Be You (July 1929)

15. The Missing Link It is widely believed that, by most people, that jazz music got its origin in the rural churches in the South A quote from Bunk Johnson: � In the body of historical writings about early jazz, churches have been all but ignored. Yet the musical dynamics within black churches carry a powerful story about cultural memory as the music took shape� A quote from Louis Armstrong in his reference to his singing: � In church and Sunday school I did a whole lot of singing. That, I guess, is how I acquired my singing tactics� At church my heart went into every hymn I sang� Although a Baptist, Buddy Bolden may well have drawn inspiration from one of the smaller, vernacular churches, where rhythms of religious song, the cadences of preachers, the call-and- response patterns between pulpit and pews sent a vital current flowing throughout the city

16. The �Brass� Sound Horns play a big role in jazz music King Oliver once said; � If theirs no horns/brass, then what are we listening to?� The often carry the melody or the voice of the music if there is no vocalist

17. Jazz Archives Located at Tulane University The Williams Ransom Hogan Jazz Archive opened in 1958 The driving force for the archive to be built was an Georgia native, Richard B. Allen Today the archives host close to over 45,000 records of jazz history and over 15,000 records on vinyl

19. Work Citied Scaruffi, Piero A History of Jazz Music www.scaruffi.com/history/jazz1.html Sept. 30, 2008 Kolb, Carolyn Taking notes: The birth of a jazz archives New Orleans Magazine, 39:7,pages 135+, April 2005 Sept. 30, 2008 Berry, Jason Churches: The missing link in jazz history Louisiana Cultural Vistas, 9:3, pages 54-61,Fall 1998 Sept. 30, 2008 Berry, Jason Brass tacks: Getting down to the origins of jazz New Orleans Magazine, 31:7, pages 43-44, April 1997 Sept. 30, 1997