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European Theater

European Theater. 1941-1945. Prompt #7. What changes did entering WWII result in for the United States? Must have at least 3 examples. Chart & Mapping Activity. Textbook pg. 600 - 606. Activity Instructions – pg. 600- 606. Chart. Map.

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European Theater

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  1. European Theater 1941-1945

  2. Prompt #7 What changes did entering WWII result in for the United States? Must have at least 3 examples.

  3. Chart & Mapping Activity Textbook pg. 600 - 606

  4. Activity Instructions – pg. 600- 606 Chart Map Use your textbook/HW notes to fill in major events/battles, which countries were involved, and the significance of these events Write the yearand why each event was a turning point for the war in the European Theater

  5. European Theater • Nov. 1942 — GB defeats Germany in North Africa (soft underbelly) • Allies invade Italy (Sicily) • Operation Mincemeat • German troops go to Italy to defend their southern border • Mussolini overthrown • 1943 — Allied troops invade Sicily and Italian government surrenders

  6. Battle of Stalingrad (1942-1943) • 1941—Hitler attacks USSR– 3.6 million Axis troops • Some Soviets welcome Germans as liberators (b/c of Stalin) • Push Soviets back but takes two long winters • Stalingrad—Soviets rally for a miraculous victory • 1.1 mil Soviet casualties; 330,000 Germans • Capture over 100,000 Germans • Start to push them back through Poland • Battle of Stalingrad—Aug. 1942-Jan. 1943 (turning point on eastern front)

  7. Battle of Stalingrad

  8. European Theater (cont.) Allies planning invasion of Europe German fortifications along French coastline Allies codename invasion “Operation Overlord” Nazis know an invasion is coming but did not know where or when

  9. Phony Army • Allies mount major intelligence scam – create a phony army • Why it worked: • Double agents • Radio traffic • Dummy tanks, aircrafts, camps • Moved Patton to command

  10. D-Day Rescheduled a few times June 6th, 1944—D-Day – Rainy, windy, rough, but Ike (Eisenhower) says go anyway 24,000 paratroops/gliders in first, terribly scattered In morning, thousands of boats discharge army onto beaches of Normandy Omaha Beach– worst fighting D-Day successful Begin to liberate France

  11. Battle of the Bulge By Christmas, Allies slowed down and out of gas Germans have one last chance Launch massive counterattack and push Allies back Create huge “bulge” in the line Allies rally and win the battle Dec. 1944—Battle of the Bulge

  12. European Theater (cont.) • Feb. 1945—Yalta Conference • Plan defeat of Germany and what would happen post-war • Divide up Germany and Berlin • Allies discover death camps • Hitler gets married– Eva Braun– both commit suicide • May 8th, 1945—V-E Day

  13. Pacific Theater 1941-1945

  14. Prompt #1 What were significant events that led to the war in the Pacific? What were Japan’s goals in Asia?

  15. Aftermath of Pearl Harbor US–trouble in Pacific–Wake Island Dec. 8th, Guam Dec. 10th FDR forces Gen. MacArthur to escape from Philippines to Australia April 1942—many trapped on the Bataan Peninsula

  16. Bataan Death March Japanese forces captured troops–march 75 miles 10,000 died—15,000 more in prison camps Violated Geneva Convention

  17. Coral Sea and Midway • Turning point came—2 naval battles at the Coral Sea and Midway • June 4th, 1942—Battle of Midway • 1st naval battle where ships don’t see each other, all planes • US severely cripples Japanese fleet– 4 carriers, 250 planes, best pilots, Japanese code broken • Japan now on defensive

  18. Island Hopping • Skip some islands, capture others • What is the idea behind this tactic? • Starts with marines at Guadalcanal • August 1942—Battle of Guadalcanal • Nov. 1944-Feb. 1945—Battle of Iwo Jima • April-June 1945—Battle of Okinawa

  19. Flagraising on Iwo Jima

  20. Manhattan Project August 1939—Roosevelt organizes Manhattan Project Secret project commissioned to build an atomic bomb J. Robert Oppenheimer in charge July 1945—first atomic bomb testing in New Mexico Debate, should we use it?

  21. Hiroshima and Nagasaki Estimated we could lose millions in invasion August 1945—bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and V-J Day

  22. Japan Surrenders August 15, 1945 — V-J Day Massive Celebrations September 2, 1945 — Japan surrenders aboard the USS Missouri Ushers in the Atomic Age and the rise of the Cold War

  23. Japanese Surrender

  24. Decision to Drop the Bomb Activity With Partner #3 you will make a decision and justify that position

  25. Prompt #2 • In 4-5 sentences, describe how the U.S. was able to end the war in the Pacific. • Talk about more than just the use of the atom bomb

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