The Imams of Hadith

1. The Imams of Hadith Imam Bukhari and his Saheeh

2. Introduction • Biographical glimpse • Books • His conditions in hadith • Jami Saheeh and its features

3. Name and lineage • Abū ‘AbdAllāhMuḥammadibnIsmā‘īlibnIbrāhīmibn al-MughīrahibnBardizbah al-Ju‘fī al-Bukhārī • أبو عبد الله محمد بن اسماعيل بن ابراهيم‫بن المغيرة بن بردزبه الجعفي البخاري‎‎ Born 194H Died 256H

4. His Family • Very little know about his family • Never married • Brother – Ahmad • Accompanied mother and Ahmad on Hajj and remained in Maakah and Ahmad return with mother • Status of his father • Worship of his mother.

5. Earlier years • By 16 memorized the books of Waaki and Ibn Mubarak • Started memorising hadith by age of 10 • Attends lessons of Dhakhaali and corrects him • Isnaad • Sufyaan ----Abu Zubair----Naaki • Bukhari corrects • Sufyan ----ZubairibnAdi ----Naaki.

6. Teachers and travelling • Travelled far and wide- went to Baghdad 8 times – met Imam Ahmad. • Basra 4 times • 1080 teachers- • Famous teachers Isaac ibnRahiwayaah and Ali ibnMadeeni • Inspiration of Isaac • The dream of the flies

7. Students • 90000 hadith bukhari directly from him • Tirmidhi • Often quotes bukhari view on hadith but seldom his fiqh position • Muslim • Nasai • Farabi • IbnKhuziymaah

8. Memory • Memorized 200,000 hadith • reports • Isaac had memorized 70000 • MuhjtahidMutlaq- had own madhab and reasoning • Wrote first book when 18 • Qadhasahabahwawtabieen

9. Sayings • Qutibaah • I have sat with all types of scholars but Bukhari is like Umar(ra) if he was from the sahabah he would have been an ayaah • Ali ibnMadeeni • “… I have never belittled myself infront of anybody except Ali..” • “… Pay no attention to him Bukhari has never seen the likes of himself!”

10. The Fitna • Muhammad ibnYahyaZhuli- Naisabur • The book of Allah and our recitation of it • Khalid ibn Ahmad al Zhuli– Bukharaa • Teaching of his children • Left Bukharaa • On way to Samaraqand • Makes dua beginning of Ramhdhaan – passes away night of eid • Buried in Khartanq.

11. His Books • Qadhasahabawatabieen • Tareeq 37 v • Wrote from memory- summarised form • Sagheer • Awsaat • Kabeer • Adab Al Mufraad • Jami Saheeh

12. SaheehBukhari • Al-Jami’usSahih Al-Musnad min Hadith Al-RasoolSallallahuAlaihiWasallamwaSunanihiwaAyyamihi’ • But, according to Ibn Salah the name is: ‘Al-Jami’ulMusnad Al-Sahih Al-Mukhtasar min UmoorirRasoolSallallahuAlaihiWasallamwaSunanihiwaAyyamihi’ • Started writing it when he was 23- revised it three times- reason for missing hadith. • Presented it to Imam Ahmad, Ali ibnMadini and ibnMaeen.

13. The meaning of Jami and Saheeh • Eight subject areas • Saheeh • Technical definition • Further refinement of saheeh- ibnsalaah/dhaabi • Concept of probability

14. Issue of companionship • 1. The highest level of dabtand adl and significant amount of time spent with the teacher ( Mulazimmah) • 2 same as level one but less time spent in the company of ones teacher • 3 A lower level of dabt and adl but significant amount of time spent with ones teacher • 4 both dabt and adl and Mulazimmah are at a low level • 5 narrators that are considered as weak • Imam Bukhari only took hadith for his saheehs from level 1 but he did take from level 2 when presenting supportive evidence for example taleeqaatnarrations.

15. The meaning of Hadith • What makes up a hadith • Marfoo • MarfooHukmi • Mawqoof • Maqtoo • The sanad and Matn

16. Hadith • حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الأَنْصَارِيُّ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيُّ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنَ وَقَّاصٍ اللَّيْثِيَّ، يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ ‏ "‏ إِنَّمَا الأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّاتِ، وَإِنَّمَا لِكُلِّ امْرِئٍ مَا نَوَى، فَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى دُنْيَا يُصِيبُهَا أَوْ إِلَى امْرَأَةٍ يَنْكِحُهَا فَهِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى مَا هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهِ ‏"‏‏.

17. Sunnahvs Hadith • These two terms have for the most part become intertwined but there is a subtle difference between the two. • From a literature viewpoint the term Hadith means news or information or news no credence is given to the veracity of the source. • Sunnahfrom a language perspective means a way or actions. However, as with many terms the Islamic or Shariah perspective tends to be more specific : • Hadith /Sunnah refer to the sayings , actions and tacit approvals of the Prophet (saws).

18. Features of Bukhari • 22 thulathi narrations • Chapter heading – fiqh of imam Bukhari • Uses hadith and parts of hadith to prove his point- but often different characteristics in the hadith • Ends each chapter with a connection to death • The presence of taliqaat. • Weakness – uses to strengthen argument.

19. Muallaqat • The reports in the title or chapter headings are known as muallaqat of Imam Bukhari.   • you have to say recorded by Imam Bukhari is muallaq form. • There 1341 muallaq reports in SahihBukhari. • We can distinguish between two categories of muallaq reports. When Imam Bukhari gives us muallaq report, he gives us a partial isnaad, but he has to start by quoting someone. So we see how he quotes that individual. or active voice, for example qala, then we say the muallaq report is sahih. If he used passive voice, for example it has been said qila or it has been reported yurwi  then we cannot make any conclusions about the muallaq report.