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Neolithic Revolution

Explore pivotal moments such as the Neolithic Revolution, Renaissance, Industrial Revolution, World Wars, and the rise of Communism to understand their causes and effects on society, culture, and politics across centuries.

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Neolithic Revolution

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  1. Neolithic Revolution • About 10,000 years ago • People changed from nomadic hunting & gathering to growing food • Cause: people learned how to grow food & domesticate animals • Effect:Permanent homes & villages in River Valleys, Social classes emerged

  2. The Crusades • 1096-1291 • Christians waged series of holy wars against Muslims for control of the Holy Land • Causes:Seljuk Turks took control of Jerusalem. Pope calls on Christians of Europe to recapture Holy Land • Effects: Cultural diffusion, Europe exposed to new ideas & products, increased Trade, Persecution of Christians, Muslims, & Jews

  3. The Renaissance • 1400’s • Rebirth of classical culture & learning beginning in Italian City- States • Cause:Wealthy Italian City-States, monarchs, & artisans, Greek & Roman influence,Population rebound, Humanism,Secularism, Printing Press • Effects:Golden age of Arts, Literature, & Science, authority of the church questioned, DaVinci, Michelangelo, Shakespeare,etc.

  4. Age of Exploration • Late 1400’s • European monarchs competed for new trade routes & lands • Causes: Search for new trade routes,advanced technology, missionaries, desire for new products • Effects: Cultural diffusion,New world, colonization, Columbian exchange, rivalries • Columbus, Magellan, Da GAma

  5. The Scientific Revolution • Renaissance through 1700’s • Rejection of traditional authority in favor of direct observation • Causes: Curiosity inspired by renaissance& exploration • Effects:Scientific method,use of Human Reasoning, questioning previous thought, advances in medicine, mathematics, & astronomy, Law of Gravity, Enlightenment • Copernicus, Galileo, Newton

  6. The Reformation • 1517 • Challenging the Church’s authority leads to division • Cause:Martin Luther’s 95 Theses protesting the sale of indulgences • Effects: Ended Religious unity in Europe, formation of Protestantism, religious wars between Catholics & protestants, Counterreformation, religious persecution, rise of royal power

  7. The Enlightenment • 1700’s • Intellectual movement also known as the Age of Reason • Causes: Scientific Revolution (Reasoning), Applied Scientific to understand people & improve society • Effects: Inspired a belief in personal freedom & equality,Challenged long held beliefs,Laid the foundations for modern governments,Inspired Revolutions,Reforms of society,Nationalism

  8. French Revolution • 1789-1799 • Revolution overthrows the Old Regime (Estates) • Causes: Inequality among classes,unfair tax system,Bankrupt government, enlightenment ideas, weak ruler • Effects:Decline in French Power,Spread of Enlightenment ideas,Growth of Nationalism,Spread of Democratic ideas,Revolutions in Europe & Latin America

  9. The Industrial Revolution • Began in the 1750’s in England (natural Resources) • Means of production shifted from hand tools to complex machine, Innovations in power( End of domestic system) • Cause: Agrarian Revolution, Population Explosion, Energy Revolution • Effects- Mass production,Urbanization, imperialism,Socialism, rise of capitalism, Trade Unions, reform laws,New class structure, upset balance of power

  10. WWI • 1914-1919 Allies vs. Central Powers • Causes:MANIA • Effects:New Technology/ Mass Death & destruction/famine • Huge War debts/reparations • End of major empires • Treaty of Versailles leads to WWII

  11. Russian Revolution • 1917 • Change from Czarist Rule to democracy to Communism • Cause: Economic differences, Tsarist rule, Pogroms, Russification Russo -Japanese War ,WWI • Effects: Czar abdicates, Provisional government, Lenin “Peace, Bread , Land” Leads to communist government, Czar executed, NEP, Civil War, Stalin

  12. WWII • 1939-1945 • Axis Powers vs. Allied Powers • Causes: Harshness of Treaty of Versailles,Rise of Dictators, Failure of League of Nations & Appeasement, Nazi & Japanese Aggression, • Effects: Defeat of Dictatorships, decline of colonialism,Atomic bomb, Holocaust,The UN, Rise of Superpowers & the Cold War

  13. The Cold War • 1945-1991 • Years of Tension/competition US vs., USSR,No direct Confrontation • Causes-Differing political & Economic ideologies, Soviet domination of Europe • Effects-Vietnam, Korea, Cuba,Space, Berlin Wall & Arms Race, NATO, Warsaw Pact, Collapse of Communism & the USSR

  14. The Green Revolution • After 1940 • Aimed @ developing better food production in developing countries • Cause: World Hunger & malnutrition, population increasing quicker than food supply • Effect: New high yield crops & fertilizers, Advances continue

  15. Technology Revolution • Late 20th Century • Continuous progress in science & technology • Cause- Scientific advancement • Effect: Computer Revolution, Automation, advances in medicine, Transportation, & communication, Space exploration

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