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Contemporary Planning Techniques

Contemporary Planning Techniques. June 4, 2009. Overview of Contemporary Planning. Planning holds a vital place in the working of any organization Long-term Short-term Involves assessing the following: Past performance Current position Future expectations Strengths and weaknesses

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Contemporary Planning Techniques

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  1. Contemporary Planning Techniques June 4, 2009

  2. Overview of Contemporary Planning • Planning holds a vital place in the working of any organization • Long-term • Short-term • Involves assessing the following: • Past performance • Current position • Future expectations • Strengths and weaknesses • Environmental conditions

  3. Techniques Used for PlanningManagement by Objectives • Management by Objectives • Contemporary, popular, and advanced • Methodology • Clear defined goals and strategies are formulated at the top most level of management • Communicated as guidelines for planning to middle and lower managerial levels • Managers set their goals based on corporate goals • Provides autonomy to managers

  4. Techniques Used for PlanningPERT & CPM • PERT and CPM • PERT = Program Evaluation and Review Technique • CPM = Critical Path Method • network techniques used in the planning process • used for scheduling time bound project, which need proper coordinated and varied complex processes • breaks the projects into related number of activities and arranges the activities according to the time of execution • The shortest time to finish the process is determined and applied

  5. Techniques Used for PlanningPERT & CPM (cont.) • PERT and CPM • Suitable for production and manufacturing based organization • Strict enforcement by the managers • Outcomes • Not only help in effective planning, but also in building management and self-leadership skills in employees • Help in bringing out their creativity, knowledge and initiative taking abilities

  6. Recommendations for Managers • The managers should initially select overriding objectives • The subordinate objectives should comply with the overriding objectives • The managers should allow their subordinates to fix their own results in order, which satisfy their own goals • Certain kind of training should be given on how to go about with this kind of participative decision making • The work culture should be made more compatible and friendly • Creativity and innovation should be encouraged

  7. Conclusion • Planning is vital to the success of any organization • Planning involves a lot of work • It is essential that effective technique should be selected based on an organization's resources and needs • All business techniques of planning are effective if they are implemented effectively • Organizations should build an organizational culture suitable for the planning technique before executing it

  8. References • Chary, S. N. (2006). Production and Operations Management (3rd Ed.). Tata McGraw-Hill. Lewis, M. & Slack, N. (2002). Operations Management: Critical Perspectives on Business and Management Routledge. Galloway, L.(2007). Organization and Management: Part I: Business Organization; Part II. Alexander Hamilton institute Management by Objectives. (2009). Retrieved June 3, 2009, from www.mgmt- uplink.com/smallbusiness/management/mbo/ Management by Objectives. (ND). Retrieved June 3, 2009, from www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMM_94.htm Pert Diagram and CPM Pert History (2005). Retrieved June 3, 2009, from www.envisionsoftware.com/articles/Pert_Chart.html

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