Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting Together in the Cafeteria?

1. Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting Together in the Cafeteria? Beverly Daniel Tatum, PhD.

2. Definitions Briefly define: racism: ______________________ prejudice: ______________________ bigotry: ______________________

3. Definitions Briefly define: racism: ______________________ prejudice: ______________________ bigotry: ______________________ 1: a belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race 2:racial prejudice or discrimination Daniel Webster 1: injury or damage resulting from some judgment or action of another in disregard of one's rights; especially detriment to one's legal rights or claims 2:(1) preconceived judgment or opinion (2) : an adverse opinion or leaning formed without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge 1 : the state of mind of a bigot 2: acts or beliefs characteristic of a bigot ( A bigot is a person who is obstinately or intolerantly devoted to his or her own opinions and prejudices)

4. Definitions Briefly define: racism: ______________________ prejudice: ______________________ bigotry: ______________________ a system of advantage based on race Beverly Daniel Tatum

5. Active Antiracists Equity Racism Passive Racists Active Racists

6. Cognitive Development: You and your White pre-school child are shopping in the grocery store. You pass a Black woman and her Black child. Your child says loudly, “Look at that little girl! Why is she so dirty?” • Your response to your child is: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. Cognitive Development: You and your White pre-school child are shopping in the grocery store. You pass a Black woman and her Black child. Your child says loudly, “Look at that little girl! Why is she so dirty?” • Your response to your child is: Not “Shhhhh!!” “Honey, that little girl is not dirty. Her skin is as clean as yours. It’s just a different color. Just like we have different hair color, people have different skin colors.” • Why is it important to actually respond? (“colorblind”?)

8. Identity “Statuses” James Marcia: Four Identity Statuses are: 1. Diffuse: 2. Foreclosed: 3. Moratorium: 4. Achieved:

9. Identity “Statuses” James Marcia: Four Identity Statuses are: • Diffuse: little exploration or active consideration of a particular domain, and no psychological one 2. Foreclosed: commitment has been made to a role or belief system, often selected by parents 3. Moratorium: active exploration of roles and beliefs in which no commitment has yet been made 4. Achieved: strong personal commitment to a particular dimension of ID following high exploration vocation, religion, values, politics, gender roles, ethnic, and RACE

10. Racial Identity Development Psychologist William Cross: (Author of Shades of Black) Five stages of racial identity development are: • Pre-encounter • Encounter • Immersion/Emersion • Internalization • Internalization-Commitment

11. Racial Identity Development Psychologist William Cross: (Author of Shades of Black) Five stages of racial identity development are: • Pre-encounter • Encounter • Immersion/Emersion • Internalization • Internalization-Commitment Most Relevant for Adolescents

12. Pre-Encounter Stage The personal and social significance of ones racial group membership has not yet been realized, and racial identity is not yet under examination. Why?

13. Encounter Stage Something happens! What? Transition to Encounter Stage.

14. Encounter Stage Something happens! What? Transition to Encounter Stage. Young black girl in a white community. Malcolm X.

15. Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting Together in the Cafeteria? Beverly Daniel Tatum, PhD.