Physiopathologic BASIS OF PHYSIOTHERAPY

1. PhysiopathologicBASIS OF PHYSIOTHERAPY

2. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Physiopathology - is the science dealing with the study of the causes of diseases, conditions in which they develop in the body, as well as explaining the nature of diseases and morphological changes and dysfunction occurring in their course.

3. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Causal treatment - assigns the highest efficiency, but unfortunately against many of diseases the burden of treatment, due to the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties, is transferred to the reduction of the symptoms of the disease - that is, symptomatic treatment.

4. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Pathogens - various diseases which could be met in physiotherapy derived from them, and they may be of two different kinds: • intrasystemic – e.g. hereditary diseases. • extrasystemic - physical, chemical and biological determinants of the disease.

5. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Development of the disease - the degree of imbalance between the adaptive possibilities of the organism and power of harmful factors (location, extent of damage, the speed of its creation, the age , the general condition of the patient, the patient's mental state, etc.).

6. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Onset of disease • Acute (severe) • Slow (secretive, mild latent).

7. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Course of the disease:: • Acute (severe) • subacute • chronic Disease in acute phase could turn into chronic, and chronic could have periods of exacerbation and remission. Every disease could have simple- typical or complicated course

8. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Progressive disease - it is a group of diseases in which symptoms despite adequate medical treatment is still growing in terms of quality and quantity. Periods of disease - many diseases is characterized by a typical periodic course.

9. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy The descent of the disease: • health restoration – full recovery • partial recovery - in whichirreversible anatomical changes remains, but the function of the system is restored to a degree sufficient to protect the needs of the organism. • incomplete recovery - in which irreversible anatomical changes occur and the needs of the organism are only partially fulfilled • fatal outcome - death

10. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Prognosis - based on it closer and further rehabilitation target shall be determined for the injured person, which is the basis for the selection of therapeutic exercises and other treatments.

11. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy The severity of the disease - affect the prognosis - the severity of the disease is greater, the prognosis is worse (it shows the amount of damage to given tissue and the potential for reversibility of the damage.

12. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Disability: This is underdevelopment, lack of or irreparable damage to the organ or part of the body, resulting in permanent impairment of the body. Disability may, but need not, result in a reduction or loss of ability to work. Rehabilitation treatment can reduce disability.

13. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy • A disabled person - a person with whom the result of the deterioration of the body are the limitations and difficulties in fulfilling a social role (Myśliborski). • Disability can be physical or psychological. Disability can be a temporary or permanent.

14. Disability • Disability - a long-term condition of the presence of certain restrictions on the proper functioning of the human being. • These limitations are caused by the deterioration of the physical, psychological or mental functions. It is also a failure, loss or defect of psychological, physiological, anatomical structure of the body • This loss may be total, partial, permanent or periodical, congenital or acquired, stable and progressive. • Disability is one of the major problems of the modern world. This is due to the prevalence and extent of this phenomenon. The physical disabilities is usually associated with social disability, i.e. inability to fully functioning in society

15. Disability • The year 2003 was announced a disablepeople year. • To the group of people with social disabilities also include people who for various reasons are not able on their own or properly function in society. This group includes, among others, drug addicts, alcoholics and prisoners.

16. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy In 1980, WHO - World Health Organization, introduces: International classification of impairment, disabilities and limitations.

17. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Disturbances - temporary or permanent impairment of psychological, physiological or anatomical due to illness or injury.

18. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Impairments in turn means - arising from these problems - reduction of the possibility to perform various activities in such a way or to such extent that is considered normal. Impairments can be temporary or permanent, reversible or irreversible, progressive, stationary or subsiding. Impairments are divided into 9 groups. In these conditions the most important role, however, plays the severity of stated impairment. These grades reflect the seven-grade scale (0-6) enriched with two categories of encoding (7-8):

19. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy 0 lack of impairment; 1 burdensome with the performance of activities, ie, a person can perform various actions alone, although there are some difficulties with this; 2perform operations with assistance (this means a possibility of performing independently, conditioned, however, by need of usingsome technical assistance); 3 perform operations with the help of another person (ie, with additional technical aids or without them, but with some help from another person);

20. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy 4dependencyin performing actions (ie the total dependency, the necessity of another person staying close for most of the day); 5increased inability to perform the duties (ie, a condition in which the person assisting needs extra help, such as technical support); 6 total (complete) inability to perform the duties; 7slightly impaired (not corresponding to any specific disability); 8 impairment severity unspecified.

21. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Similar levels and categories of coding include the scale for determining and predicting the effects of these conditions: 0lack of impairment; 1possible recovery (impairment is present, decreasing, so functional recovery with no function limitation expected); 2possibility of improving (impairment is present and decreases, but there is possibility that functional limitations remains); 3the possibility of personal assistance (ie impairment in stable or static state, with functional improvement through the supply of implements, personal aids, etc.);

22. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy 4stabilized impairment (impairment is stabilized or in a static condition, but without prospect of improvement in functional status); 5possibility of improving (ie, impairment will increase, but the functional status predicts improvement through the supply of implements, personal aids, etc.); 6the possibility of deterioration (ie, increased impairment and there is any improvement in perspective); 7 there is no possibility to determine the prognosis 8prognosis unspecified.

23. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Limitations - the result of disorders or impairments, limiting the pursuit of such activities, which is normal for a person (depending on the age, sex and social and cultural factors

24. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy • orientation constraints (for the reception of signals from the environment, acquiring the signals and giving the answers); • limitations of physical independence (the independence of the help from other people); • reduce the mobility (locomotion) remaining in connection with a previous; • restrictions on ordinary activities for the person (eg, occupation, recreation, and others); • reducing social contacts; • limitations of self-sufficiency in life (also financial).

25. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy In the process of physiotherapy important role in returning of lost function fulfill: • regeneration • compensation • adaptation

26. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Regeneration - means the rebirth of damaged cells, organs or tissues.

27. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Compensation is a complex process occurring within the system and tending to offset the lack and adapt to the environment in pathological morphological and functional conditions that occurred in the course of the disease or following injury (distinguished by functional compensation - compensatory intensification of activities and limited compensation-compensatory growth or growth of tissues). Compensation can be spontaneous - uncontrolled or directed - consciously controlled by therapeutic methods.

28. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Adaptation: This is the process of adapting of the body to the ever-changing external environment. The ability to adapt is essential for homeostasis - that is, maintain of the relative balance of the internal environment and is a fundamental feature of all living organisms.

29. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy The rehabilitation potential: the total sum of compensatory - adaptive reserves of organism - that determine the outcome of rehabilitation.

30. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy Anochina Laws: • Compensation is congenital ability of living organisms • compensation process is initiated by signaling a defect • false signaling of a defect is the cause of incorrectly running compensation

31. Physiopathologic Basis of Kinesiotherapy • Compensation is based on the intensification of the old or stimulation of new afferent information • compensation results are unstable, and therefore require continuous support through systematic training • ability to compensate is variable between individuals.