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Chapter 11: The Late Baroque: Handel

Chapter 11: The Late Baroque: Handel. George Frideric Handel (1685-1759). Career: Hamburg (1703-1706) Italy (1706-1710) Hanover (1710) London (1710-1759) Reputation Most famous composer in Europe A national institution in England Reputation increased after his death

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Chapter 11: The Late Baroque: Handel

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  1. Chapter 11:The Late Baroque: Handel

  2. George Frideric Handel (1685-1759) • Career: • Hamburg (1703-1706) • Italy (1706-1710) • Hanover (1710) • London (1710-1759) • Reputation • Most famous composer in Europe • A national institution in England • Reputation increased after his death • Most famous for choral compositions

  3. Handel and the Orchestral Dance Suite • Water Music(1717): Part of a program of popular entertainments, including an evening of music on the Thames • Musicians played on a barge next to King George I’s boat • Dance Suite: An instrumental collection of dances, usually 2-7 in number, all in one key • Allemande: German dance; moderate or brisk stately dance in duple meter • Sarabande: Spanish; slow, sensual dance in triple meter • Minuet: Moderate, elegant dance in triple meter • Most in binary (AB) form • Some included a second, complimentary dance called a trio (CD)

  4. Handel and Opera • Handel emigrated from Germany to England in 1710 to make money producing Italian opera • Formed the Royal Academy of Music, an opera company in which he served as composer, producer, and performer • Conducted from the harpsichord in the orchestra pit • Opera seria: Dominant form of opera during the Baroque • Use of serious historical or mythological subjects • Male role usually sung by a castrato • Great success from 1710-1728 • 1728: Royal Academy of Music went bankrupt • Handel turned to Oratorio

  5. Handel and the Oratorio • Oratorio: A large-scale genre of sacred music involving an overture, arias, recitatives, and choruses • Performed without costumes or scenery • Divided into acts • Dramatic function of the Chorus • The Messiah(1741) • Composed in three and a half weeks • First performance in Dublin as part of a charity benefit • Three Parts: • Prophecy and Birth • Triumph of the Gospel • Victory over Death

  6. The Messiah • “He shall feed His flock” • Alludes to the birth of Christ • Pastoral aria: Music suggests the movement of simple shepherds • Gliding stepwise melody, triple meter, slow harmonic changes over a drone

  7. The Messiah • “Halleluiah” chorus • Feeling of triumphant resurrection • Variety of choral styles in quick succession • Masterful use of contrasting textures to create drama • King George’s (rumored) reaction to the music

  8. Baroque Music

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