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Learning Attributes and Relations

Learning Attributes and Relations. Ontology Learning from Text Philipp Cimiano , Chapter 7. 7.1 Common Approaches. Collocations Syntactic Dependencies Lexico -syntactic patterns (Hearst, 1992) Road Map: Learning Attributes Learning the Appropriate Generalization Level for Relations

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Learning Attributes and Relations

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  1. Learning Attributes and Relations Ontology Learning from Text Philipp Cimiano, Chapter 7 Cimiano Chapter 7 - PL

  2. 7.1 Common Approaches • Collocations • Syntactic Dependencies • Lexico-syntactic patterns (Hearst, 1992) • Road Map: • Learning Attributes • Learning the Appropriate Generalization Level for Relations • Learning Qualia Structures Cimiano Chapter 7 - PL

  3. 7.2 Learning Attributes • Attribute = a relation with a datatype as range • Learn name, domain, and range Cimiano Chapter 7 - PL

  4. Cimiano Chapter 7 - PL

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  8. 7.3 Learning Relations from Corpora • Based on verbal expressions • Generalization of argument wrt taxonomy • Statistical measures for generalization • Approach: • Extract verb frames • Generalize verb frames – statistical measures: • Conditional probability • Pointwise mutual information • X2 measure Cimiano Chapter 7 - PL

  9. Cimiano Chapter 7 - PL

  10. 7.4 Learning Qualia Structures from the Web • Aristotle’s four basic factors or causes: • the material cause – made of • the agentive cause – source of creation or change • the formal cause – form or type • the final cause – purpose, intention, or aim • Pustejovsky (1991): four roles in qualia structure: • constitutive – parts or components • agentive – verb, action brings into existence • formal – type information • telic – purpose or function Cimiano Chapter 7 - PL

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  16. 7.5 Related Work • Madche and Staab (2000) – generalized association rules algorithm • Kavalec and Svátek (2005) – label verbs as “above expectations” • Gamallo et al. (2002) – map syntactic dependencies to semantic relations • Ciaramita et al. (2005) – learn conceptual relations from the GENIA corpus • Heyer et al. (2001) – derive conceptual relations from corpus collocations and heuristics • Ogata and Collier ( 2004) – relations based on patterns similar to Hearst + reasoning Cimiano Chapter 7 - PL

  17. more Related Work • Yamaguchi (2001) – WordNet pruning + Schuetze’sword space method with word 4-grams • Buitelaar et al. (2004) – mapping with slots for domain and range, manual inspection • Pesio and Almuhareb ( 2005) – six categories of attributes, train a classifier • Yamada and Baldwin (2004) – learn telic and agentive relations from corpora, dependencies • Claveau et al. (2003) – Inductive Logic Programming to find qualia verbs • Pustejovsky et al. (1993) – acquire relations from corpora, statistics and theoretical lexicon principles Cimiano Chapter 7 - PL

  18. 7.6 Conclusion and Open Issues • Use adjectives and WordNot to learn attributes • Statistical learning of slots for verbs • Learning qualia structures • Learning from noun phrases? • Meaning of qualia roles? • Distinguish word senses? • Gold standard for qualia structures? • Calculus to reason on partial results? • Constrain according to linguistic principles? Cimiano Chapter 7 - PL

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