1. Objective (READ) - H SWBAT identify the political effects of the colonization of Africa.

1. 1. Objective (READ) - H SWBAT identify the political effects of the colonization of Africa. 2. Question of the Day. (TURN OBJECTIVE INTO A QUESTION) 3. Warm-up (ANSWER) A. How did colonization destroy African societies during colonization? B. How does colonization continue to destroy African societies after colonization?

2. Table of Contents 1. Create a new page called Colonization.

3. Guess who shows up to colonize Africa? Belgium, Spain, Italy, England, France, Germany READ ONLY

4. COPY HEADLINE How it started = Slave Trade • Europeans first took an interest in Africa during the 1400’s. They found that slaves could be bought along the African coast from tribal rulers who had taken prisoners of war. • The African rulers sold their prisoners in return for cloth, guns and iron. • Between 1450 and 1865, European traders transported some 10 million slaves to North and South America where they were sold to owners of sugar and cotton plantations. Europeans paid for slaves using Manillas made from bronze, copper, and sometimes gold a form of African currency.

5. Why = Raw materials for Industrial Revolution and cheap workers • After people recognize the evils of slavery, Europeans decide to seek commodities other than slaves to trade. • Raw materials for European factories began flowing out of Africa. • Commodities and other natural resources taken from Africa by Europeans included: • peanuts, tea, sugar, and coffee • raw materials for factories like timber, rubber, iron ore, copper • Luxury resources: platinum, silver, gold, diamonds

6. Why? = COMMODITIES Diamonds Slavery Ivory - TASK: Write or sketch a finished good for 5 commodities that you could get rich off of as a European colonizer. - Title it “Commodities Europeans took from Africa” Gold Cacao

7. Africa 1914 READ ONLY

8. Social Effects Political Effects Copy this chart Economic Effects

9. Social Effects 1. European Languages

10. Social Effects Political Effects Copy this chart Economic Effects 1. European Languages

11. Social Effect - #2 Christianity spreads to Africa Percentage of Christians

12. Social Effect - #2 Christianity spreads to Africa

13. Social Effect • If you were a European looking for slaves who would you pick? • What effect would this have on African communities? #3. Slave Trade Destroys African communities • Europeans take the strongest, smartest, heads of families, leaders

14. Case Study: Uganda 1. Explain the “Scramble for Africa.” 2. What effects did colonization have on Africa today?

15. Social Effects Political Effects Copy this chart Economic Effects 1. European Languages 2. Christianity spreads to Africa. 3. Slave trade destroys African…

16. Political Effects 1. Berlin Conference: - Europeans divided Africa, drew in borders how they wanted it • No Africans were included in the process • Decisions were made based on the economic interests of the Europeans instead of history, rivalries, culture, etc. • Example: Dividing land based on the location of mines or the type of crops that can be grown

17. 1. Berlin Conference: - Europeans divided Africa, drew in borders how they wanted it AFRICA’S BORDERS TODAY

18. 1. Berlin Conference: - Europeans divided Africa, drew in borders how they wanted it Map showing the location of African ethnic groups.

19. Nigeria – Ethnic Groups Task – What effect do you think this will have on Nigeria after they gain independence?

20. Social Effects Political Effects Copy this chart Economic Effects 1. European Languages 2. Christianity spreads to Africa. 3. Slave trade destroys African… 1. Berlin Conference: - Europeans divided Africa, drew in borders how they wanted it

21. Political Effects 2. Borders created by Europeans causes conflict today between ethnic groups Currently ongoing Civil Wars in Africa that have not been resolved: - Angola, Algeria, Burundi, Congo, The Democratic Republic of Congo, Cote d’Ivoire, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Liberia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Uganda, Zimbabwe

22. Political Effects 3. Africans struggled to create effective governments. - Africans weren’t used to the nation-state model used by Europeans - Africans lacked experience in diplomacy, law-making, etc. - Tribes were autonomous (meaning they made their own rules, were self-governing) before colonization - Tribes were lumped together in countries laid out by the Europeans

23. Political Effects 4. Apartheid – racist policies in South Africa that separated people by race

24. Clip Apartheid 1. Describe the policies put in place that created apartheid. 2. How is this similar to segregation in the US?

26. APARTHEID SUMMARY A. Racial segregation in South Africa began in colonial times, but apartheid as an official policy was introduced following the general election of 1948. New legislation classified inhabitants into racial groups ("black", "white", "colored", and "Indian") B. Housing was segregated, sometimes by means of forced removals. From 1958, Blacks were deprived of their citizenship, legally becoming citizens of one of ten tribally based self-governing homelands called Bantustans, four of which became nominally independent states. C. The government segregated education, medical care, and other public services, and provided black people with services inferior to those of whites. Directions: 1. Copy the headline. 2. Underneath draw a picture representing each aspect of apartheid (A-C). 3. Label each picture so that I know what is going on.

27. Colonization Perspectives Assignment - H HELP - Include how they would feel about the Europeans and what they did to Africa. - Include events that would have occurred during colonization. - Show evidence of the social and political effects. - YOU MAY ALSO CREATE A CARTOON WITH DIALOGUE AND CAPTIONS, SCRIPT FOR A MOVIE SCENE, NEWSCAST, ETC. Directions: 1. Choose THREE of the people below. - African villager during the slave trade. - European factory owner in Paris, France. - Black South African living during Apartheid. - European leader at the Berlin Conference. - European missionary attempting to bring Christianity to Africa. - African dictator who takes control of a newly independent nation after the Europeans leave. 2. Write a diary entry for each person showing his/her perspective of the colonization of Africa. 3. Each diary entry must be at least 5 sentences long.

28. Colonization Perspectives Assignment - L HELP - Include how they would feel about the Europeans and what they did to Africa. - Include events that would have occurred during colonization. - Show evidence of the social and political effects. - YOU MAY ALSO CREATE A CARTOON WITH DIALOGUE AND CAPTIONS, SCRIPT FOR A MOVIE SCENE, NEWSCAST, ETC. Directions: 1. Choose TWO of the people below. - African villager during the slave trade. - European factory owner in Paris, France. - Black South African living during Apartheid. - European leader at the Berlin Conference. - European missionary attempting to bring Christianity to Africa. - African dictator who takes control of a newly independent nation after the Europeans leave. 2. Write a diary entry for each person showing his/her perspective of the colonization of Africa. 3. Each diary entry must be at least 5 sentences long.

29. Mandela Clip 1. What was life like for urban black South Africans? 2. How was Mandela able to end apartheid?

30. Economic Effects #1. Built some infrastructure - Europeans built roads, ports, and railroads to get natural resources back to Europe to create finished goods

31. Economic Effects #2. African countries lack INVESTMENTCAPITAL - cash used to start businesses, factories, mines, etc. Why? - Europeans took their ways to make money (crops, natural resources, minerals, etc.) - Europeans left and did not set up governments causing wars and chaos - Many European companies remained in Africa the money from natural resources is still going to Europe - International organizations like the IMF provide African nations with enormous loans that they cannot repay so they have to use a huge portion of their GDP to pay off debts.

32. Investment Capital Clip 1. Give at least two reasons explaining why the mine isn’t up and running? 2. Do you think this will have a positive or negative impact on the Liberian people? Explain your answer.

33. Economic Effects #3. Land policies during colonization cause one-commodity countries today

34. Economic Effects #4. CONCLUSION: African countries are under-developed

35. 1. IMPERIALISM (same as colonization) – when a country takes control of another region to take their resources and set up new markets 2. ONE-COMMODITY COUNTRY – a country whose entire economy depends on one natural resource. 3. INVESTMENT CAPITAL – Money used to start a business, factory, mine, or major project that will increase jobs. Directions: - Create a vocab box for each the terms above. - Use the example on the right for your vocab boxes. - Your group can not receive directions for the game until EVERY student has completed this in their notebook.

36. Question of the Day • Investment Capital – money used to start a business • Africa lacks investment capital because of colonization • Why? - Europeans controlled all natural resources • Effects – led to development of one-commodity countries because of a lack of start-up money

37. Clip – European Imperialism in Africa Clip Questions: 1. How did the Europeans feel about Africa? 2. What impact did imperialism (colonization) have on Africa?