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IEEE Chapter Symposium

IEEE Chapter Symposium. Nima Farkhondeh Jahromi Zongyu Liu. Possible Applications of PMUs for Detecting Angle Instability in Power Systems. Outline. Problem Formulation Angle Stability Classification First Proposed PMU-Based Algorithm Second Proposed PMU-Based Algorithm

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IEEE Chapter Symposium

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  1. IEEE Chapter Symposium Nima Farkhondeh JahromiZongyu Liu Possible Applications of PMUs for Detecting Angle Instability in Power Systems

  2. Outline • Problem Formulation • Angle Stability Classification • First Proposed PMU-Based Algorithm • Second Proposed PMU-Based Algorithm • Conclusion and Remarks

  3. Centralized Power plants Small number of large scale gen. units Traditional generator design/const. Not so high efficiency Popularity of renewable energy Large number of small scale gen. units Newer Technology in generator design Higher efficiency Problem Formulation Power networks (due to power transfer capacity) get closer to their stability margin Less tolerance • Deregulated electricity market • Regulated electricity market Various power flow directions More congestions Contradictory combination Stability control (instability detection) is (will be) the key challenge

  4. Axis 1 [Real-time] large disturbance angle stability (transient stability) assessment Angle Stability Classification[Real-time] Angle Stability Assessment in future Power Systems Axis 2: [Real-time] small disturbance angle stability assessment

  5. 1st Proposed PMU-based Algorithm Detection of transient instability based on the real-time COA • Concept of Centre Of Angles (COA) Difficult to directly measure Difficult to access in real time. Number of units being dispatched can vary

  6. 1st Proposed PMU-based Algorithm (1) • Substitution of the internal angle with the phase angle of the high side bus voltage • Substitution of the inertia time constant with the high side active power injection G T Phase Measurement Unit (PMU) Approximation! (could be a source of error)

  7. 1st Proposed PMU-based Algorithm (2) • Illustration of substitution of the inertia time constant with the high side active power injection

  8. 1st Proposed PMU-based Algorithm (3) • Real-time Centre of Inertia for area i • Real-time Centre of Inertia for the whole system

  9. 1st Proposed PMU-based Algorithm (4) Taking the appropriate remedial action(s) based on the value of • If > “pre-specified benchmark” (continuously) 1) Area i (in a detailed analysis each gen. can be an area) is speeding up 2) Suitable remedial action is to trip some generators • If < “pre-specified benchmark” (continuously) 1) Area i (in a detailed analysis each gen. can be an area) is slowing down 2) Suitable remedial action is load shedding

  10. 1st Proposed PMU-based Algorithm (5) Alarm mode based on comparing the real-time signals • A real-time signal for area i • A signal to be used as a reference: Critically-stable response

  11. 1st Proposed PMU-based Algorithm (6) • Rescue-time definition Permanent decline

  12. 1st Proposed PMU-based Algorithm (7) • The method (the reference signal) is fault-location (and also fault-type) dependent. • The method is dependent on the inertia time constant of the generators (Perhaps in future; lighter machines have higher output)

  13. 2nd Proposed PMU-based Algorithm • Principal idea is to have a real-time energy function (by means of PMUs) for a system divided into two clusters. • The main question: Based on the real-time energy function, will the system split to more clusters or not? Area 1 M1 ω1 Area 2 M2 ω2 New [temporary] steady-state

  14. 2nd Proposed PMU-based Algorithm (2)

  15. Conclusion and Remarks • It might be possible to perform an on-line transient instability detection and mitigation for a multi-area power systems • By improving (generalizing) the proposed algorithm, it might be possible to avoid some blackouts happen due to islanding • Designing the appropriate remedial action, is very much dependent on the system capabilities and is difficult to be generalized

  16. Suggestions Questions Criticisms Ideas Compliments Discussions

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