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LTE (Long Term Evulation)

LTE (Long Term Evulation). Evolution of Radio Access Technologies. 802.16m. 802.16d/e. 2. WIRELESS ACCESS EVOLUTION. Subscribers. Broadband Network Simplification Cost of Ownership. New Services Efficiency More Data Services required. Voice Quality Portability Capacity

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LTE (Long Term Evulation)

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  1. LTE (Long Term Evulation)

  2. Evolution of Radio Access Technologies 802.16m 802.16d/e 2

  3. WIRELESS ACCESS EVOLUTION Subscribers • Broadband • Network Simplification • Cost of Ownership • New Services • Efficiency • More Data Services required • Voice Quality • Portability • Capacity • Data Service • Coverage • Mobility 2G 4G 3G 1G Voice Broadband

  4. Japan USA What is 3GPP? • 3GPP stands for 3rd Generation Partnership Project • It is a partnership of 6 regional SDOs (Standards Development Organizations) • These SDOs take 3GPP specifications and transpose them to regional standards

  5. Two Key technologies are evolving to meet the Wireless Broadband Requirements 4G Air Interfaces Wide Area Mobile MOBILE BROADBAND LTE UMTS GPRS EDGE GSM HSPA 3GPP 802.16e (Mobile WIMAX) Mobile Industry Coverage/Mobility Nomadic Metro Area 802.16a/d (Fixed NLOS) Fixed Wireless Industry 802.11n (smart antennas) 802.11 Mesh extns. 802.16 (Fixed LOS) Fibre Experience DSL Experience Dial Up Local Area Fixed 802.11b/a/g Data Rates (kbps) 5 100,000 + Higher Data Rate / Lower Cost per Bit

  6. COMPARISON WITH SPEED 40-100Mbps Fiber like speed on mobile • True high-speed mobile data • Full-motion HD video anywhere • Stream any content • Mobile peer2peer & Web 2.0 (Networking) • Triple play EDGE ADSL EVDO-A HSDPA ADSL-2+ LTE Fiber Mbps

  7. COMPARISN COST • Spectral efficiencyBetter utilization of spectrum available • Low frequency, Advanced Receivers and Smart AntennaFor improved coverage and reduced cost of ownership • Increased CapacityMuch higher user and sector throughput for lower individual cost service delivery • Simpler RAN, IP Core & Centralized service deliveryFewer nodes & interfaces (Node-B/RNC/Gateway) One Network & IMS for all access technologies • Connect to legacy coresExisting network asset investment protection • 3GPP/2 Market tractionEconomy of scale $ UMTS rel.99 voice call cost 10% LTE VoIP cost* Predicted LTE VoIP voice call cost* - Sound Partners Limited Research 3GPP subscribers 85% market share

  8. RESPONSE TIME 10-5msec latency Highly Responsive Multimedia • Improved user experience • Fast VoIP call set-up • Instantaneous web pages • Streaming fast buffering • Online mobile gaming EDGE ADSL EVDO-A HSDPA ADSL-2+ LTE Fiber

  9. What is EPC, eUTRAN and EPS CS networks Core Network 2G EPC = Evolved Packet Core (SAE) eUTRAN = Evolved UTRAN ( LTE RAN ) EPS = Evolved Packet System incl EPC, eUTRAN and terminals (LTE/SAE terminology only used within 3GPP standardization workgroups) Circuit Core 3G User mgmt IMS domain eUTRAN EPC ”IP networks” Non-3GPP

  10. LTE Offer’s • Performance and capacity DL 100 Mbps AND UL 50 Mbps • Simplicity Flexible Bandwidths (5Mhz-20Mhz), FDD and TDD plug-and-play Devices self-configuration Devices self-optimization Devices

  11. LTE radio access Downlink: OFDM Uplink: SC-FDMA Advanced antenna solutions Diversity Beam-forming Multi-layer transmission (MIMO) Spectrum flexibility Flexible bandwidth New and existing bands Duplex flexibility: FDD and TDD 1.4 MHz 20 MHz TX TX OFDMA SC-FDMA LTE ACCESS

  12. FREQUENCY BEND

  13. LTE – Long Term EvolutionChannels

  14. LTE (Long Term Evolution) • Radio Side (LTE – Long Term Evolution) • Improvements in spectral efficiency, user throughput, latency • Simplification of the radio network • Efficient support of packet based services • Network Side (SAE – System Architecture Evolution) • Improvement in latency, capacity, throughput • Simplification of the core network • Optimization for IP traffic and services • Simplified support and handover to non-3GPP access technologies

  15. LTE ARCHITECTURE Evolved Packet Core MME/UPE = Mobility Management Entity/User Plane Entity eNB = eNodeB

  16. EVOLVED PACKET CORE NETWORK P-GW/S-GW P-GW/S-GW P-GW/S-GW P-GW/S-GW E P C Interfaces MME MME MME S11 S1-Cp X2 Gi LTE NODE B LTE NODE B EUTRAN LTE NODE B LTE NODE B LTE NODE B Air Interface

  17. LTE/SAE Architecture 3G NETWORK IP networks Only PS Domain shown HLR/HSS Gi Gr Gn Gn GGSN SGSN Iu Gb RNC BSC Iur Node B BTS 2G 3G

  18. LTE/SAE Architecture HSPA (HIGH SPEED PACKET DATA ACCESS) IP networks Only PS Domain shown HLR/HSS Gi PCRF Gr Gx Gn GGSN SGSN Optimizing the 3G/HSPA payload plane for Broadband traffic Iu CP Iu UP Gb RNC BSC Iur Node B BTS 2G 3G Release 7 ”Direct Tunnel”

  19. GGSN => Packet Gateway SGSN => Mobility server LTE/EPC Network Architecture IP networks GGSN/ P/S-GW SGSN/ MME EPC BSC RNC GSM, WCDMA MME = Mobility Management Entity P/S-GW = PDN/Serving gateway LTE

  20. LTE/SAE Architecture S2a/b Non-3GPP access LTE/SAE The PDN and Serving GW may be separate nodes in some scenarios (S5 in-between) IP networks Only PS Domain shown HLR/HSS SGi PCRF Gr S6a S7 S4 PDN GWServing GW SGSN MME S11 S3 S10 Iu CP Iu UP Gb S1-U S1-MME RNC BSC Iur eNodeB X2 Node B BTS 2G 3G LTE A flat architecture for optimized performance and cost efficiency

  21. SGi SAE GW S4 S11 S3 SGSN MME S10 S1-U S1-MME eNodeB X2 KEY NODES OF LTE • MME Functionality Responsibilities is to keep track of terminals in idle Mobility handling Authentication Roaming SGSN can be software upgraded to a MME and after that function as a combined SGSN and MME

  22. SGi SAE GW S4 S11 S3 SGSN MME S10 S1-U S1-MME eNodeB X2 SAE GW Functionality • PDN SAE GW (ANCHOR) • Anchor for mobility non 3GPP Network (Wimax and other Network) • Serving SAE GW: • Routing • Anchor inter 3-GPP mobility (GSM/3G/4G Netowork) • Security • Lawful Intercept • P/S-GW node, which also can be a software upgrade of a current GGSN node.

  23. SAE CN Architecture IP networks LTE/SAE ArchitectureMain SAE interfaces (non-roaming case) • S1-MME: • control plane protocol between eNodeB and MME • S1-U:user plane tunneling interface between eNodeB and Serving GW • S5:user plane tunneling interface between Serving GW and PDN GW • S8:user plane tunneling interface between Serving GW and PDN GW for roaming • S10:control plane interface between MME and MME • S11:control plane interface between MME and Serving GW. • S4: *)user plane tunneling interface between SGSN and PDN GW • S3: *)control plane interface between MME and SGSN. *) OSS-RC (SGi) SAE GW (in some use cases only) SGi SAE GW S5/S8 S4 SGSN MME S11 S3 S10 S1-U S1-MME eNodeB X2 Note: Interfaces non-3GPP accesses not covered.

  24. CALLING PATH FROM 2G TO 3G NETWORKS

  25. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 25

  26. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 26

  27. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 27

  28. BSCBase Station Controller • The call request reaches the BSC from the BTS and is forwarded to SGSN. • After call is established, the BSC will perform decoding of the call (in typical config.) 28

  29. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 29

  30. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 30

  31. SGSNServing GPRS Support Node • SGSN used for packet routing. • It also working as MSC/VLR • The SGSN used in 2G/3G networks is converted to a Mobile Management Entity, MME. • SGSN says I don’t know the location of subscriber B so that’s why I am sending the request to HLR for finding the location. 31

  32. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 32

  33. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 33

  34. HSS/HLRHome Subscription Server / Home Location Register • The HSS/HLR stores all the user data. • It registers the location of the user in the visited network. • HLR/HSS says ’I am the home of the B subscriber and I know where he/she is right now. • It tells to the SGSN back. 34

  35. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 35

  36. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 36

  37. SGSN Serving gateway Support Node • It says OK I collected the information about subscriber and store it temporarily. • I am sending to the information to P-GW & S-GW by MME 37

  38. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 38

  39. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 39

  40. MME Mobility Management Entity • MME Functionality • Responsibilities is to keep track of terminals in idle • Mobility handling • Authentication • Roaming 40

  41. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 41

  42. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 42

  43. P-GW/ S-GW Packet Data Network Gateway/ Serving • P-GW • It uses for switching and mobility management between subscriber. • Serving SAE GW: • Routing • Anchor inter 3-GPP mobility (GSM/3G/4G Network) • Security • Lawful Intercept • It is the IP point of attachment for the user. • The P-GW allocates the IP address to the user A, that enables it to communicate with other IP hosts in the external networks, or the internet. 43

  44. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 44

  45. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 45

  46. PCRF Policy & Charging Resource Function • The PCRF is the network element that is responsible for Policy and • Charging Control. • it performs decisions on how to handle the service in terms of QoS (Quality of Service). 46

  47. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 47

  48. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF B Non 3GPP 48

  49. P-GW/ S-GW • It takes information from PRCF • PRCF provides information to the PCEF (Policy and Charging Enforcement Function) located in the P-GW, after verify the charging functionality. • If necessary to BBERF (Binding and Event Reporting Function) located in the SGW, to set up the appropriate bearers and policy. 49

  50. BTS A 3G Subscriber BSC A 2G Subscriber Node B Node B RNC A LTE Subscriber eNodeB SGSN MME S-GW P-GW IP Network, Internet /Services HLR/HSS B 3GPP PCRF BSC B Non 3GPP 50

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