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GSM TOWARDS LTE NETWORKS

GSM TOWARDS LTE NETWORKS. Lecture # 6. LTE. Introduction. Many names. LTE - Long Term Evolution  eUTRAN SAE - System Architecture Evolution  EPS (Evolved Packet System). LTE/SAE. Japan. USA. What is 3GPP?. 3GPP stands for 3 rd Generation Partnership Project

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GSM TOWARDS LTE NETWORKS

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  1. GSM TOWARDS LTE NETWORKS Lecture # 6

  2. LTE

  3. Introduction Many names ... • LTE - Long Term Evolution •  eUTRAN • SAE - System Architecture Evolution  EPS (Evolved Packet System) LTE/SAE

  4. Japan USA What is 3GPP? • 3GPP stands for 3rd Generation Partnership Project • It is a partnership of 6 regional SDOs (Standards Development Organizations) • These SDOs take 3GPP specifications and transpose them to regional standards

  5. Towards LTE

  6. LTE radio access Downlink: OFDM Uplink: SC-FDMA Advanced antenna solutions Diversity Beam-forming Multi-layer transmission (MIMO) Spectrum flexibility Flexible bandwidth New and existing bands Duplex flexibility: FDD and TDD 1.4 MHz 20 MHz TX TX OFDMA SC-FDMA LTE Access

  7. Terminology Updates • EPC = Evolved Packet core (earlier SAE=System Architecture Evolution). • e UTRAN = Evolved UTRAN (earlier LTERAN = Long Term Evolution). • EPS = Evolved Packet Systems including EPC and Terminals.

  8. LTE Offer’s • Performance and capacity DL 100 Mbps AND UL 50 Mbps • Simplicity Flexible Bandwidths (5Mhz-20Mhz), FDD and TDD plug-and-play Devices self-configuration Devices self-optimization Devices

  9. LTE (Long Term Evolution) • Radio Side (LTE – Long Term Evolution) • Improvements in spectral efficiency, user throughput, latency • Simplification of the radio network • Efficient support of packet based services • Network Side (SAE – System Architecture Evolution) • Improvement in latency, capacity, throughput • Simplification of the core network • Optimization for IP traffic and services • Simplified support and handover to non-3GPP access technologies

  10. LTE Objectives • Reduced cost per bit • Improve spectrum efficiency ( e.g. 2-4 x Rel6) • Reduce cost of backhaul (transmission in UTRAN) • Increased service provisioning – more services at lower cost with better user experience • Focus on delivery of services utilising ”IP” • Reduce setup time and round trip time • Increase the support of QoS for the various types of services (e.g. Voice over IP) • Increase peak bit rate (e.g. above 100Mbps DL and above 50Mbps UL) • Allow for reasonable terminal power consumption

  11. Evolution Path Architecture • The pay load is to be directed to a tunnel (eUTRAN) • Payload goes directly from the evolved node B to the Gateway • Control plane is directed at the Mobility management end. LTE

  12. Core Nodes of LTE • Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) - to provide connections for GERAN (GSM Radio Access Network) and UTRAN Networks (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) • Serving Gateway - to terminate the interface toward the 3GPP radio-access networks • PDN Gateway - to control IP data services like routing, addressing, policy enforcing and providing access to non-3GPP access networks • Mobility Management Entity (MME) - to manage control plane context, authentication and authorization • 3GPP anchor - to manage mobility for 2G/3G and LTE systems • SAE anchor - to manage mobility for non 3GPP RATs • Policy Control and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) - to manage Quality of Service (QoS) aspects

  13. S2a/b Non-3GPP access From 3GPP to LTE/SAE The PDN and Serving GW may be separate nodes in some scenarios (S5 in-between) IP networks Only PS Domain shown HLR/HSS SGi PCRF Gr S6a S7 S4 PDN GWServing GW SGSN MME S11 S3 S10 Iu CP Iu UP Gb S1-U S1-MME RNC BSC Iur eNodeB X2 Node B BTS 2G 3G LTE PDN Gateway - to control IP data services like routing, addressing, policy enforcing and providing access to non-3GPP access networks

  14. SAE CN Architecture SGi SAE GW S4 S11 S3 SGSN MME S10 S1-U S1-MME eNodeB X2 MME Functionality • Roaming (S6a towards home HSS) • Authentication • SAE GW selection • Idle mode mobility handling • Tracking Area Update • Paging • Mobility handling of • inter-MME (pool) handover (triggered by eNodeB) • inter-RAT handover (triggered by eNodeB) • QoS “negotiation” with UE and eNodeB • Security • Ciphering and integrity protection of NAS signalling • Secure control signalling transport on S1 interface (unless taken care of by a SEG (Security Gateway)) • O&M security (?)

  15. SAE CN Architecture SGi SAE GW S4 S11 S3 SGSN MME S10 S1-U S1-MME eNodeB X2 SAE GW Functionality • PDN SAE GW: • Policy Enforcement • Per-user based packet filtering (by e.g. deep packet inspection) • Charging Support • User plane anchor point for mobility between 3GPP accesses and non-3GPP accesses • routing of user data towards the S-GW • Security • O&M security (?) • Lawful Intercept • Serving SAE GW: • User plane anchor point for inter-eNB handover (within one pool) • User plane anchor point for inter-3GPP mobility • routing of user data towards the eNodeB • routing of user data towards the P-GW • routing of user data towards the SGSN (2G and 3G) or RNC (3G with “Direct Tunnel”) • Security • Secure user data transport on S1 interface (unless taken care of by a SEG (Security Gateway)) • O&M security (?) • Lawful Intercept • The PDN SAE GW and the Serving SAE GW may be implemented in one physical node or separated physical nodes. • …

  16. Introduction Perception Improved Performance (compared to WCDMA) Why LTE/SAE?Driving Factors for LTE/SAE • Ensuring that 3G is attractive in comparison withcompeting technologies (WiFi, WiMax, Flarion, …) • LTE/SAE architecture • Competing technologies looks simpler (fewer nodes) • OPEX (fewer node types to manage) • Significantly increased peak data rate • Competing technologies provide higher data rates • End-user experience • Reduced user plane latency • Necessary to achieve increased data rates • End-user experience • Significantly reduced control plane latency • End-user experience

  17. Introduction LTE – Performance Targets • High data rates • Downlink: >100 Mbps • Uplink: >50 Mbps • Cell-edge data rates 2-3 x HSPA Rel. 6 (@ 2006) • Low delay/latency • User plane RTT: Less than 10 ms ( RAN RTT ) • Channel set-up: Less than 100 ms ( idle-to-active ) • High spectral efficiency • Targeting 3 X HSPA Rel. 6 (@ 2006 ) • High performance for broadcast services • Spectrum flexibility • Operation in a wide-range of spectrum allocations • Wide range of Bandwidth • Support for FDD, Half-duplex FDD and TDD Modes • Cost-effective migration from current/future 3G systems Focus on services from the packet-switched domain !

  18. LTE/SAE Architecture

  19. LTE/SAE Architecture Node B / HSPA eNodeB LTE/SAE Architecture (release 8)Functional changes compared to the current UMTS Architecture Moving all RNC functions to the Node B… …, SGSN CP functions to the MME, and GGSN functions to the SAE GW. PDN GateWay Serving GateWay GGSN P-GWS-GW SGSN MME Mobility Management Entity (not user plane functions) RNC

  20. LTE Architecture Evolved Packet Core MME/UPE = Mobility Management Entity/User Plane Entity eNB = eNodeB

  21. Evolved Packet Switching Network Architecture P-GW/S-GW P-GW/S-GW P-GW/S-GW P-GW/S-GW E P C Interfaces MME MME MME S11 S1-Cp X2 Gi LTE NODE B LTE NODE B EUTRAN LTE NODE B LTE NODE B LTE NODE B Air Interface

  22. SAE CN Architecture IP networks LTE/SAE ArchitectureMain SAE interfaces (non-roaming case) • S1-MME:control plane protocol between eNodeB and MME • S1-U:user plane tunneling interface between eNodeB and Serving GW • S5:user plane tunneling interface between Serving GW and PDN GW • S8:user plane tunneling interface between Serving GW and PDN GW for roaming • S10:control plane interface between MME and MME • S11:control plane interface between MME and Serving GW. • S4: *)user plane tunneling interface between SGSN and PDN GW • S3: *)control plane interface between MME and SGSN. • O&M interfaces: • OSS-RC – MME • OSS-RC – SAE GW OSS-RC (SGi) SAE GW (in some use cases only) SGi SAE GW S5/S8 S4 SGSN MME S11 S3 S10 S1-U S1-MME eNodeB X2 Note: Interfaces non-3GPP accesses not covered.

  23. 2G Towards 3G Networks IP networks Only PS Domain shown HLR Gi PCRF Gr Gx Gn Gn GGSN SGSN Iu Gb • Policy Control and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) - to manage Quality of Service (QoS) aspects RNC BSC Iur Node B BTS 2G 3G

  24. HSPA (Higher Speed Packet Access) IP networks Only PS Domain shown HLR/HSS Gi PCRF Gr Gx Gn GGSN SGSN Optimizing the 3G/HSPA payload plane for Broadband traffic Iu CP Iu UP Gb 10 Mb/s RNC BSC Iur Node B BTS 2G 3G

  25. LTE/SAE Architecture S2a/b Non-3GPP access From 3GPP Release 6 to LTE/SAE Improving performance with LTE/SAE; 3GPP Release 8 (Additions/changes in red.) The PDN and Serving GW may be separate nodes in some scenarios (S5 in-between) IP networks Only PS Domain shown HLR/HSS SGi PCRF Gr S6a S7 S4 PDN GWServing GW SGSN MME S11 S3 S10 Iu CP Iu UP Gb S1-U S1-MME RNC BSC Iur eNodeB X2 Node B BTS 2G 3G LTE A flat architecture for optimized performance and cost efficiency

  26. LTE/SAE Architecture LTE/SAE Architecture Product dimension PA/DU Core & IMS IP networks HLR/HSS HLR/HSS SGi PCRF ”HLR/HSS” PCRF Gr S6a EPC PDN GW Serving GW S7 S4 PDN GWServing GW SGSN SGSN MME MME S2a/b S11 S3 ”Gateway” ”Mobility Server” S10 Iu CP Iu UP Gb S1-U S1-MME PA/DU Radio RBS RNC BSC Iur eNodeB eNode B X2 Node B BTS Non-3GPP access 2G 3G LTE OSS

  27. Comparison withSpeed 40-100Mbps Fiber like speed on mobile • True high-speed mobile data • Full-motion HD video anywhere • Stream any content • Mobile peer2peer & Web 2.0 (Networking) • Triple play EDGE ADSL EVDO-A HSDPA ADSL-2+ LTE Fiber Mbps

  28. Comparison Cost • Spectral efficiencyBetter utilization of spectrum available • Low frequency, Advanced Receivers and Smart AntennaFor improved coverage and reduced cost of ownership • Increased CapacityMuch higher user and sector throughput for lower individual cost service delivery • Simpler RAN, IP Core & Centralized service deliveryFewer nodes & interfaces (Node-B/RNC/Gateway) One Network & IMS for all access technologies • Connect to legacy coresExisting network asset investment protection • 3GPP/2 Market tractionEconomy of scale $ UMTS rel.99 voice call cost 10% LTE VoIP cost* Predicted LTE VoIP voice call cost* - Sound Partners Limited Research 3GPP subscribers 85% market share

  29. Response Time 10-5msec latency Highly Responsive Multimedia • Improved user experience • Fast VoIP call set-up • Instantaneous web pages • Streaming fast buffering • Online mobile gaming EDGE ADSL EVDO-A HSDPA ADSL-2+ LTE Fiber

  30. LTE Time Line

  31. Mobile broadband speed evolution LTE Evolution LTE HSPA Evolution HSPA 3G- R’99 Target 1 Gbps Peak rate 384 kbps 3.6 Mbps 7/14 Mbps 21/28/42 Mbps ~150 Mbps 2013 2002 2005 2007 2008/2009 2009

  32. www.lte.yolasite.com • Thanks

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