Unit 5 Non-Fiction

1. English Through Literature Unit 5 Non-Fiction

2. The Battle of Gettysbury • On July 1st, 1863, Union and Confederate forces met in a field near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and for three days fought the most terrible battle of the Civil War. When the fighting ended on July 3rd, 50,000 bodies littered the battlefield.

5. The Gettysburg Address • A famous speech made by President Abraham Lincoln on Nov.19,1863 at the dedication of the cemetery containing the men killed at the battle of Gettysburg,during the American Civil War. In it he is trying to reinforce the principles of freedom for all for which the war is being fought.

6. Abraham Lincoln • Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865), the 16th president of the United States, guided his country through the most devastating experience in its national history--the CIVIL WAR. He is considered by many historians to have been the greatest American president.

8. Figures of speech 1.Metaphor: Our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation Conceived in liberty A nation might live A new birth of freedom 2. Alliteration Poor power People perish Here have hallowed

9. Parallelism • so conceived/so dedicated • It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated … It is rather for us to be here dedicated to … • that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. • We cannot dedicate/we can not consecrate/we cannot hallow • Of the people/for the people/by the people

10. Two memorable quotes • Government of the people, by the people, for the people • The world will little note nor long remember what we say here; but it can never forget what they did here.

11. http://you.video.sina.com.cn/b/2663613-1279083374.html

12. I have a dream • King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929–68, American clergyman and civil-rights leader. • At the age of thirty-five, Martin Luther King, Jr., was the youngest man to have received the Nobel Peace Prize.

15. http://www.tudou.com/programs/view/huhq95JbH_w/isRenhe=1

16. "I Have a Dream" is the popular name given to the historic public speech by Martin Luther King, Jr., when he spoke of his desire for a future where blacks and whites would coexist harmoniously as equals. King's delivery of the speech on August 28, 1963 from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial was a defining moment of the American Civil Rights Movement. The speech is often considered to be one of the greatest speeches in history.

17. King makes use of phrases and language from important cultural texts for his own rhetorical purposes. Early in his speech King alludes to Lincoln's Gettysburg Address by saying "Five score years ago..."

18. Biblical allusions are also prevalent. • King alludes to Psalm 30:5 in the second stanza of the speech. He says in reference to the abolition of slavery articulated in the Emancipation Proclamation, "It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of captivity."

19. Another Biblical allusion is found in King's tenth stanza: "No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream." This is an allusion to Amos 5:24. • King also quotes from Isaiah 40:4 — "I have a dream that every valley shall be exalted..."

20. Figures of speech • Metaphor • A great beacon light of hope • A joyous daybreak • The long light of captivity • Crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination • Vaults of opportunity

21. An ocean of material prosperity • The tranquilizing drug of gradualism • The dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice • The quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood • An oasis of freedom and justice • The mountain of despair • A stone of hope

22. Extended metaphor • Cashing a check…a promissory note…defaulted…a bad check…insufficient funds…bank of justice…bankrupt…vaults of opportunity…cash this check…the riches of freedom

23. Repetition • One hundred years later • We refuse to believe • Now is the time • I have a dream • With this faith

24. Parallel structure • The manacles of segregation/the chains of discrimination • A lonely island of poverty/an ocean of material prosperity • From the quicksands of racial injustice/to the solid rock of brotherhood

25. Every valley shall be exalted /every hill and mountain shall be made low • To work together/to pray together/to struggle together/to go to jail together/to stand for freedom together

26. Alliteration • Symbolic/shadow/stand • Live on a lonely island • Come /capital/cash • Believe/bank/bankrupt • Content/character

27. Assonance • Shadow/stand • Capital/cash • Rights/life • Time/rise • Meaning/creed • Stone/hope

28. Of Studies • Francis Bacon • (1561 –1626) was an English philosopher, statesman and essayist but is best known for leading the scientific revolution with his new 'observation and experimentation' theory which is the way science has been conducted ever since. He was knighted in 1603

29. http://www.tudou.com/programs/view/Fuqmk0ieffg/

31. Two memorable quotes • Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man • Some books are to be tasted, and some few to be chewed and digested

32. Parallel structure • Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. • Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them.