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Chapter 2 “ Cells ” Section 1: “ Cell Structure Pages 38 – 40

Chapter 2 “ Cells ” Section 1: “ Cell Structure Pages 38 – 40. LESSON 1. COMPARING CELLS. The size & shape of a cell relates to its function . (job it does). Prokaryotic Cells (proh KAYR ee yah tihk). cells without membrane-bound structures EX : bacteria pond scum.

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Chapter 2 “ Cells ” Section 1: “ Cell Structure Pages 38 – 40

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  1. Chapter 2 “Cells”Section 1: “Cell Structure Pages 38 – 40 LESSON 1

  2. COMPARING CELLS • The size & shape of a cell relates to its function. (job it does)

  3. Prokaryotic Cells(proh KAYR ee yah tihk) • cells without membrane-bound structures • EX: bacteria pond scum

  4. Eukaryotic Cells(yew KAYR ee yah tihk) • cells with membrane-bound structures • EX: animals, plants, fungi and protists

  5. What belongs here? • protects the cell • gives shape • is made of cellulose • A cell wall is found in plants, algae, fungi, & most bacteria.

  6. CELL WALL • protects the cell • gives shape • is made of cellulose • A cell wall is found in plants, algae, fungi, & most bacteria.

  7. What belongs here? • Outer covering, protective layer around ALL cells • For cells with cell walls,the ? is inside the cell wall • Allows food, oxygen, & water into the cell & waste products out of the cell.

  8. CELL MEMBRANE • Outer covering, protective layer around ALL cells • For cells with cell walls,the cell membrane is inside the cell wall • Allows food, oxygen, & water into the cell & waste products out of the cell.

  9. What belongs here? • gelatin-like inside cell membrane • constantly flows

  10. CYTOPLASM • gelatin-like inside cell membrane • constantly flows • aka protoplasm

  11. What belongs here? • scaffolding-like structure in cytoplasm • helps the cell maintain or change its shape • made of protein

  12. CYTOSKELETON • scaffolding-like structure in cytoplasm • helps the cell maintain or change its shape • made of protein

  13. Identify the organelle

  14. Describe the function?

  15. NUCLEUS • Directs all cell activities • Contains instructions for everything the cell does • These instructions are found on a hereditary material called DNA • Usually the largest organelle

  16. NUCLEAR MEMBRANE • separates nucleus from cytoplasm • controls movement of materials in & out of nucleus

  17. NUCLEOLUS • Aka “little nucleus” • Found in the nucleus

  18. CHROMATIN • contains genetic code that controls cell • made of DNA & proteins

  19. Answer the following: • A cell that is responsible for secreting proteins might have an abundance of which two organelles. (2) • The muscle cells of a world class sprinter might have an abundance which type of organelles. • The liver is responsible for filtering toxins out of blood. Which organelle would it have most?

  20. Answer the following: • A cell that is responsible for secreting proteins might have an abundance of which two organelles. (2) • The muscle cells of a world class sprinter might have an abundance which type of organelles. • The liver is responsible for filtering toxins out of blood. Which organelle would it have most?

  21. Fibers of extracellular matrix (ECM) LE 7-7 Glycoprotein Carbohydrate Glycolipid EXTRACELLULAR SIDE OF MEMBRANE Cholesterol Peripheral proteins Microfilaments of cytoskeleton Integral protein CYTOPLASMIC SIDE OF MEMBRANE

  22. Lower concentration of solute (sugar) Higher concentration of sugar Same concentration of sugar LE 7-12 H2O Selectively permeable mem- brane: sugar mole- cules cannot pass through pores, but water molecules can

  23. ? ? ? Animal cell LE 7-13 H2O H2O H2O H2O Plant cell H2O H2O H2O H2O Flaccid Plasmolyzed Turgid (normal)

  24. Isotonic solution Hypertonic solution Hypotonic solution Animal cell LE 7-13 H2O H2O H2O H2O Shriveled Normal Lysed Plant cell H2O H2O H2O H2O Flaccid Plasmolyzed Turgid (normal)

  25. ????????? ???????? LE 7-17 ATP ??????????????? ?????????

  26. Passive transport Active transport LE 7-17 ATP Facilitated diffusion Diffusion

  27. What process is this? LE 7-20c Coat protein Coated vesicle Receptor Coated pit Ligand A coated pit and a coated vesicle formed during receptor- mediated endocytosis (TEMs). Coat protein Plasma membrane 0.25 µm

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