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Nuclear Fusion

Michael Olson Meteo 3100 Atmospheric Chemistry Prof. Kevin Perry. Nuclear Fusion. Nuclear Fusion. What is it? How does it work? What does it offer? What advantages does it have? What is the current state of Nuclear Research?. What is Nuclear Fusion?.

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Nuclear Fusion

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  1. Michael Olson Meteo 3100 Atmospheric Chemistry Prof. Kevin Perry Nuclear Fusion

  2. Nuclear Fusion • What is it? • How does it work? • What does it offer? • What advantages does it have? • What is the current state of Nuclear Research?

  3. What is Nuclear Fusion? • "Fusion works on the principle that energy can be released by forcing together atomic nuclei" (BBC news) • H2 + H3→ He4 + n • This is one of the primary reactions of the sun.

  4. What is needed for Fusion? • H2 – abundant in oceans • H3 – from Li – abundant in Earth's crust & in the oceans • Temperatures > 100 million °C (for a Thermonuclear reaction) • Sustained reaction to produce substantial energy to increase efficiency Inside a plasma chamber

  5. Structure of H2 and H3 http://www.pppl.gov/fusion_basics/pages/fusion_reactions.html

  6. http://www.pppl.gov/fusion_basics/pages/fusion_reactions.htmlhttp://www.pppl.gov/fusion_basics/pages/fusion_reactions.html

  7. http://www.pppl.gov/fusion_basics/pages/fusion_power_plant.htmlhttp://www.pppl.gov/fusion_basics/pages/fusion_power_plant.html

  8. How much Energy doesNuclear Fusion offer? • Estimates say there is enough H2 for 10 trillion Quads of energy • 1 Quad (quadrillion) = 1015 BTU = 1.055 ExaJoules = 293.07 teraWatt hours • 10 trillion Quads = 1028 BTU = 1.055*107 yottaJoules = 2930 yottaWatt hours • Yotta = 1027 • In 1998, the U.S. Consumed 94.27 Quads • Enough energy for 1*1011 years

  9. Other Advantages to Fusion • More rapid decay of nuclear waste (50-100 yrs) • Only produces 6,000 tons of waste per year (only about 10 m3) • Amount of energy available • NO2 & SO2, sources of acid rain, not produced

  10. ITER • International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) Station • Approved to be built in Cadarache, France • Expected to be built in about a decade • Cost: 4.57 billion euros = $5.53 billion

  11. Cold Fusion • Dr. Martin Fleischmann, Dept. of Chemistry, University of Utah • “On the Table” Fusion • Currently being studied for heating homes • Reaction with H-attracted elements (like Palladium and Titanium)

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