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Section 7-3 cont.

Learn about passive transport mechanisms including diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. Understand different types of solutions - isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic - and their effects on cells. Explore concepts of cellular transport in detail.

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Section 7-3 cont.

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  1. Section 7-3 cont. Cellular Transport

  2. Passive Transport • Does not use energy 1. Diffusion • Movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. • Dynamic Equilibrium - Tries to reach an equal concentration inside and outside the membrane 2. Osmosis – Diffusion of Water

  3. 3. Facilitated Diffusion • Passive transport of materials across the plasma membrane with the aid of transport proteins. • Move from high to low concentration • Transport proteins provide openings for particles to pass through • Move molecules that may not be soluble in lipids or may be too large to pass through the pores in the cell membrane.

  4. Suppose that a unicellular protist lives in a solution that is 5% saltwater. Dr. Stapleton moves the protist to another saltwater solution to study the rate of osmosis. Which of these solutions would cause the protist to lose mass at the greatest rate? • 3% saltwater solution • 4% saltwater solution • 5% saltwater solution • 6% saltwater solution

  5. Three Types of Solutions • 1. Isotonic – concentrations are the same inside the cell as they are outside the cell

  6. Three Types of Solution Cont. • 2. Hypotonic – concentration of substances is lower outside the cell than the concentration of substances inside the cell.

  7. Hypotonic cont. • The cell swells and may burst in animal cells • As a plant cell swells, the cell wall supports the cell so it won’t burst, but it will become more firm.

  8. Three Types of Solution Cont. • 3. Hypertonic – the concentration of substances outside the cell is higher than the concentration of substances inside the cell.

  9. Hypertonic cont. • Animal cells shrivel • Plant cells lose water mainly from the central vacuole. The cell membrane and cytoplasm shrink away form the cell wall. This causes plants to wilt.

  10. A scientist places a cell in a solution, and over time the cell gains mass and swells. What is the most likely explanation for the cell’s gain in mass? • The solution is hypertonic to the cell. • The solution is hypotonic to the cell. • The solution and the cell have equal concentrations of solutes. • The solution and the cell have equal concentrations of water.

  11. Active Transport • Requires energy from the cell • Moves from low to high concentration

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