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RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

RUSSIAN REVOLUTION. Russo-Japanese War (1904) Dispute over Manchuria with Japan Shook national confidence in their progress and rule of Czar. Bloody Sunday (1905). WWI. Russia’s participation in WWI Large, but poorly equipped/led army Infrastructure of Russia broke down

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RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

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  1. RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

  2. Russo-Japanese War (1904) Dispute over Manchuria with Japan Shook national confidence in their progress and rule of Czar.

  3. Bloody Sunday (1905)

  4. WWI • Russia’s participation in WWI • Large, but poorly equipped/led army • Infrastructure of Russia broke down • Famines, labor riots, etc.

  5. Rasputin

  6. The Bolsheviks • Small Marxist group • Communist • Wanted to change life in Russia • Leader = Vladimir Lenin • Goal = overthrow czar

  7. The Bolsheviks • If czar was overthrown, industrial workers could govern Russia. • Leninism

  8. March Revolution • March 8, 1917 Petrograd, Russia • Capital at the Time • Unhappy citizens marched • The Duma (Russia’s legislature) defied Nicholas II

  9. March Revolution • March 1917 (February Revolution) • Women, soldiers and workers united to force Czar Nicholas II to abdicate

  10. Provisional Government (Duma) • Duma established temporary government • Aleksandr Kerensky was leader • Unpopular • Stayed in WWI • Bolsheviks wanted basic changes • Lenin was still leader

  11. Bolshevik /October Revolution • Mid-1917  Kerensky’s government still fighting Central Powers in WWI • Russian army was weak & collapsed • November 1917  Bolshevik Red Guard attacked Kerensky’s government

  12. Bolshevik Revolution • Kerensky’s government didn’t put up much of a fight • Lenin established radical communist program (Leninism) • private ownership = illegal • land redistributed to peasants

  13. Bucket Review • The czar was overthrown and replaced by _______________ during the ____________ revolution. • The _____________ was overthrown and replaced by the _____________ during the _____________ revolution. • Who was Lenin?

  14. After the Revolution • Lenin wanted to end involvement in war • Leon Trotsky was sent to negotiate with Central Powers • Russia lost much land to Central Powers because of lack of strong military

  15. VS

  16. Civil War • Some Russians disliked the negotiations & their results • Opponents of Bolsheviks = “White Army or Mensheviks • army leaders • political opponents • wealthy Russians *France & United States supported White Army

  17. Civil War Ends • Red Army vs. White Army • fighting & famine cost millions of lives • Late 1920  Bolshevikstriumph • 1921  New Economic Policy: plan permitting some capitalist activity

  18. The Soviet Union • 1922  Russia reunited with neighboring lands that had belonged to Russian Empire • Became Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) or Soviet Union

  19. The Stalin Revolution • 1924, Joseph Stalin took control of Communists after Lenin’s death • Humble origins • Surrounded by supporters • Absolute dictator/Totalitarianism • Focused on industrialization • Not consumer goods • To increase militaristic power of Russia

  20. The Stalin Revolution • Five-Year Plan (1927 – 1932) • Rapid industrialization in field of electricity and heavy industry (iron, steel, coal, etc.) • Created factory districts and filled them with laborers who were given strict output quotas • Resembled war-time economy • Dissenters were sent to gulags (labor camps) • 2nd Five Year Plan (1933 – 1938) • After Hitler took control in Germany, Stalin shifted focus of industry directly to arms production

  21. The Stalin Revolution • Collectivization of Agriculture • Consolidated private farms into vast collectives • Farmers given strict output quotas • Used propaganda to promote the system • Resisted by kulaks (landowners) • Terminated or forced into slavery • Numerous famines ensued

  22. The Stalin Revolution • Results of Stalinist policies • Russia industrialized faster than any nation ever had • Population of Russia were poor and discontent, but afraidto challenge Stalin • Fear of secret police forces (NKVD) • Citizens who survived, however, saw Stalin’s progress and worked tirelessly to support him

  23. Animal Farm Man is the only creature that consumes without producing. He does not give milk, he does not lay eggs, he is too weak to pull the plough, he cannot run fast enough to catch rabbits. Yet he is lord of all the animals. He sets them to work, he gives back to them the bare minimum that will prevent them from starving, and the rest he keeps for himself.

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