Presented By Mohammad Imranur Rahman ( Imran ) Assistant Research Office

1. The Presentation of Inception Report on Effectiveness of e-Governance system to improve the Union Parishad’s activities. Presented By Mohammad ImranurRahman (Imran) Assistant Research Office National Institute of Local Government (NILG) Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives People’s Republic of Bangladesh imranbd@y7mail.com

2. Discover -Bangladesh • Official Name: People’s Republic Of Bangladesh • Capital City: Dhaka • Language: Bengali and English • Government: Unitary Parliamentary Democracy • The President is the Head of State. • The Prime Minister, as the Head of Government. • Area: 1,47,570 Sq km ( water 6.4% ) • Population: 156.6 Million (2013) • Religion: Muslim 90%, Hindu 9%, others 1% • Education: 61.3% • Government:JatiyoSangshad, Currently it has 350 members (including 50 reserved seats for women) elected from single-member constituencies.

3. Discover -Bangladesh • Main exports: Garments, fish, jute goods, leather products • Geography: Bangladesh lies between latitudes 200 and 270N and, longitudes 880 and 930E.There are 230 rivers in Bangladesh. Main river is Ganges (local name Padma ), Jomuna, Brahmaputra and Meghna. • Boundary: North: India West: India South: Bay of Bengal East: India and Myanmar • The Sundarbans, the largest mangrove forest in the world and home to diverse flora and fauna, including the Royal Bengal Tiger.

4. Discover -Bangladesh • Cox’s Bazar the longest sea beach in the world • Our 21st February becomes the International • mother language day, PohelaBoishakh the • Bengali new year, is the major festival of • Bengali culture and. Others festivals are • Independence Day, Eid-ulFitr and Eid-ulAdha • for Muslim and Durga-Puja for Hindu. • Cricket is one of the most popular sports in • Bangladesh. • Literature: KaziNazrul Islam is the national poet • of Bangladesh. Rabindranath Tagore is the • composer of Bangladesh's national anthem. • JasimUddin, Jibananda Das, ShamurRahman, • Humayun Ahmed, AnisulHaque, Salina hossain, • EmdadulHaquemilon are the famous poet and • writer.

5. Discover -Bangladesh • Dr. Muhammad Yunuswon the Nobel Peace Prize in • 2006, for pioneering micro-finance in the alleviation of • poverty. • Our Royal Bengal Tiger: Inside the ‘Sundarban’area • Tea Garden : At the East side and North-East corner • of Bangladesh • Hill tracts: The Chittagong Hill Tractscomprise an • area of 13,295 square kilometres (5,133 sq mi) in • southeastern Bangladesh and border India and • Myanmar (Burma). Topographically, the • Chittagong Hill Tracts are the only very hilly • area in Bangladesh.

6. Government system of Bangladesh • The Government of Bangladesh: is the Central Government of Bangladesh. The Government is led by the Prime Minister, who selects all the remaining Ministers. The Prime Minister and the other most senior Ministers belong to the supreme decision-making committee, known as the Cabinet. • The Local Government of Bangladesh: The present structure of local government in Bangladesh had its origin in British colonial period. At present we’ve two kinds of Local Government system: • Urban Local Government & • Rural Local Government ** Hill District Local Government Parishad(Specialized Local Government System)

7. Urban Local Government system of Bangladesh • City Corporation: One Mayor and a number of Commissioners (fixed by the government) in the general seats and 1/3 of the total number of Commissioners as reserved exclusively for woman. All are elected by the non partisanship direct election. • Paurashava (Municipality): One Mayor and a number of Commissioners (fixed by the government) in the general seats and 1/3 of the total number of Commissioners as reserved exclusively for woman. All are elected by the non partisanship direct election. • Category of Paurashava: Category depends on its average annual own source of revenue in a three year period. • A Category – Over 10 million • B Category – Between 6 million and 10 million • C Category – Between 2 million and less 6 million

8. Rural Local Government system of Bangladesh • ZilaParishad (District): One Chairman, Twenty members (15 male and 5 female for reserve seats.) The ZP Chairman and Members are elected by an electoral college. Members of the electoral college are City Corporation Mayor and Commissioners (if any), Paurashava chairman and Commissioners, Upazila Chairman and members and Union Patrishad Chairman and Members within the jurisdictions of District. • UpazilaPariashad (Sub-District): One Chairman, Two Vice Chairman (One male & One Female) are appointed through non partisanship direct election. Paurshava Mayor, UP Chairman under the jurisdiction of concern Upazila are the members of UpazilaParishad. Out of the total number of Paurashava (if any) and UP Councilors/ Members, there will be 1/3 reserve seats exclusively for woman members who are elected by the Paurashava women commissioners and UP members from amongst themselves.

9. Rural Local Government system of Bangladesh • Union Parishad: One Chairman and Twelve members ( 9 male and 3 female) are appointed through non partisanship direct election. Union parishad is divided under 9 wards. A ward is comprised of some villages. About 80 percent of total population living in rural areas and maximum of them are Villagers. There is a secretary in every union who is appointed by D.C. (Deputy Commissioner). Secretary is a government representative and chairman and members are people’s representative in a union parishad. There is also seen the dafadar and village police in a union parishad for maintaining defense and security of the region.

10. Local Governance in Hill Tracts Chittagong Hill Tracts are different from the other parts of Bangladesh. It is controlled by the Ministry of Chittagong Hill Tracts Affairs. At present there are three different types of administrative system in CHT. 1) Self-Rule Government System • Chittagong Hill Tracts Regional Council • Hill District Councils 2) General Administrative Organs • Office of Deputy Commissioner • Pourasova • UpazilaParishad/Thana • Union Parishad 3) Traditional Administrative Structure • Chief (Raja)-Chief of Circle • Headman –Head of Mouza • Karbari-Village Head

11. Ministry of LGRD and Cooperatives Local Government Division Rural Local Government Urban Local Government • Local Government system of Bangladesh ZilaParishad (District) 61* City Corporation (Big City) 11 UpzilaParishad (Sub-District) 483 Paurashava (Municipality) 315 Union Parishad 4573

12. Issues: Rural Local governments (Union Parishads) are failing to provide proper services to the citizens through e-Governance system. • Shortage of manpower • Lack of technical person • Insufficient Coordination from central government • Lack of proper monitoring & evolution system • Lack of modern equipment, net connectivity and power backup system etc. • Lack of awareness both Citizen and elected representatives about e-Governance system

13. Future programs and policies to overcome the issues • Acquiring knowledge from developed countries may the first steps; • Have to take steps for more decentralization as well as special rules & regulation for policy making at the grass root level; • Sufficient manpower (including technical person) should be appointed; • Enhance capacity of employee as well as public representatives through training • Related LG Institutuions and Ministries can take responsibilities for infrastructure development of ICT services in Union Parishad; • Central Government can take steps for special law & Order of Union Parishad for better ICT services and e-Government system regarding any obstruction on these area.

14. A journey of a thousand miles Lets Start --- Begins with a single step

15. Q & A

16. Thanks for Patient hearing