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Decisions That Have Shaped U.S. Education

Decisions That Have Shaped U.S. Education. By: MacKenzie Wehunt. Desegregation. Brown vs. BOE (1954) Struck down separate but equal which was the ruling in Plessy vs. Ferguson. . Per-Pupil Expenditure. San Antonio Ind. School District vs. Rodriguez (1973)

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Decisions That Have Shaped U.S. Education

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  1. Decisions That Have Shaped U.S. Education By: MacKenzieWehunt

  2. Desegregation • Brown vs. BOE (1954) • Struck down separate but equal which was the ruling in Plessyvs. Ferguson.

  3. Per-Pupil Expenditure • San Antonio Ind. School District vs. Rodriguez (1973) • States can permit any kind of finance system but it has to provide the minimum education for every student.

  4. Students with Limited English Proficiency • Lau vs. Nichols (1974) • School districts have t take affirmative steps to rectify the language deficiency of students with limited English proficiency.

  5. Special Education • BOE vs. Rowley (1982) • Individuals with Disabilities Act statutory entitlement to a free and appropriate public education for all students.

  6. Accommodating Disabilities • School Board vs. Arline (1987) • If teacher has a disability, officials have to examine all the information before firing them.

  7. Saluting the Flag • West Virginia State BOE vs. Barnette (1943) • Students cant be forced to salute to the flag.

  8. Student Speech • Tinker vs. Des Moines Ind. Community School District (1969) • You can’t censor student speech unless it causes a substantial disruption of school operations.

  9. Censorship • Hazelwood School District vs. Kuhlmeier (1988) • For school-sponsored activities involving student expression, officials may exercise content based control.

  10. Teacher’s Speech • Mt. Healthy City School District vs. Doyle (1977) • Teachers have freedom of expression but should think before speaking.

  11. School Libraries • BOE, Island Trees Union Free School vs. Pico (1982) • School boards can’t remove books fro m school libraries unless the reasons reflect education stability.

  12. Student Suspension and Expulsions • Goss vs. Lopez (1975) • For suspension up to 10 days, students must be given an explanation and a chance to tell their side of the story.

  13. Corporal Punishment • Ingraham vs. Wright (1977) • Student can bring a law suit if the corporal punishment violates the 14th Amendment.

  14. Searches of Students • New Jersey vs. T.L.O. (1985) • Authority has to have valid reasons to search students’ property.

  15. Random Drug Tests • VeroniaSchool District 47J vs. Acton (1995) • Random drug testing on student athletes is constitutional.

  16. Sexual Harassment • Franklin vs. Gwinnett County Public Schools (1992) • Can’t have federally funded programs that discriminate against gender.

  17. Disruptive Students in Special Education • Honig vs. Doe (1998) • Special education student can be removed from placement if parents agree or student could harm themselves or others.

  18. Government Aid to Religious Schools • Lemon vs. Kurtzman(1971) • Activities can’t advance religion, excessively entangle government with religion, and the purpose must be secular.

  19. Prayer at School Events • Lee vs. Weisman (1992) • Clergy-ld invocations and benedictions at public school graduations violate 1st Amendment’s clause prohibiting the establishment of religion.

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